Sociological Influences on Policy

What is the main goal of CBT programmes according to the Home Office's 'what works' policy?

• To increase the number of offenders

• To ensure CBT programmes reduce offending

• To make all offenders literate

• To provide entertainment for offenders

Which of the following is NOT a criterion for CBT programmes to be accredited?

• Proven methods for altering behaviour

• Matching offenders to the right programme

• Targeting risk factors that lead to offending

• Providing free meals to offenders

What is the effect of better education in prisons?

• Increased crime rates

• Helps inmates gain skills for a good job

• Makes inmates more rebellious

• Reduces the number of prison staff

What is the effect of anti-poverty policies according to the document?

• No effect

• Negative effect

• Positive effect

• Uncertain effect

What does Merton's strain theory provide a basis for?

• Economic policies

• Crime control and reduction policies

• Environmental policies

• Educational policies

What does reintegrative shaming focus on?

• Labelling the person as a bad individual

• Labelling the act but not the actor

• Excluding the offender from society

• Encouraging secondary deviance

What is the main idea behind situational crime prevention (SCP)?

• Increasing the rewards of committing a crime

• Reducing the opportunities for crime

• Encouraging offenders to commit crimes

• Labelling offenders as criminals

What theory is SCP based on?

• Labelling theory

• Rational choice theory

• Social learning theory

• Conflict theory

What is the main focus of right realism?

• Criminals are irrational in their actions

• Criminals make a rational choice to commit crime

• Crime is a result of social inequality

• Crime is caused by labelling

What is one criticism of ZTP and SCP mentioned in the text?

• They are too lenient on criminals.

• They fail to tackle structural causes of crime.

• They are too expensive to implement.

• They focus too much on violent crime.