Civil Law 101_Lesson 1

What is one of the main differences between common law and civil law systems?

• Common law relies on codified statutes, while civil law is based on judicial decisions.

• Civil law relies on codified statutes, while common law is based on judicial decisions.

• Common law systems originated in Rome, while civil law developed in England.

• Common law systems rely solely on jury decisions.

Which historical figure played a key role in codifying Spanish civil law?

• García Goyena

• The king Filipe V.

• Emperor Justinian.

• The Catholic monarchs

In which countries is the common law tradition primarily in force?

• Spain, Portugal, and France.

• Germany, Italy, and the Netherlands.

• United Kingdom, United States, and Australia.

• Japan, China, and Korea.

What was a primary reason for the historical bias against the judiciary in civil law countries?

• Judges were seen as defenders of individual rights.

• Judges were part of an aristocracy that obstructed progressive reforms.

• Judges played a key role in shaping the legal system.

• Judges had too much influence on legislative power.

What is a defining characteristic of common law systems?

• The legal system is entirely codified.

• The judge plays an inquisitorial role.

• Judicial precedent is a major source of law.

• All legal matters are decided by the legislature.

What does it mean that civil law is 'common or general private law'?

• It applies to specific professions and trades.

• It serves as subsidiary law when other branches do not regulate an issue.

• It regulates every imaginable matter related to interpersonal relationships.

• It originated in the Corpus Iuris Civilis.

How does civil law differ from common law regarding judicial decisions?

• Judicial decisions in civil law countries do not serve as a formal source of law.

• Judges in civil law countries create laws through their rulings.

• In common law countries, judges cannot make binding decisions.

• Civil law courts rely primarily on jury verdicts.

What does the Spanish Civil Code regulate?

• Only civil matters.

• Fundamental aspects of civil law, supplemented by other laws.

• Private commercial transactions.

• The political organization of the state.

Why was codification important in legal history?

• It aimed to unify and simplify laws within a legal system.

• It ensured a unified system of common norms across continental Europe.

• It eliminated the role of judges in the legal process.

• It abolished Roman legal principles.

What is the main purpose of commercial law?

• To regulate the relations between employers and employees.

• To regulate business and commercial transactions.

• To protect consumers against abusive commercial practices.

• To establish public law principles.