Quiz on Edema from Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine

What is edema primarily characterized by?

• Excessive sweating

• Decreased heart rate

• Increased blood pressure in arteries

• Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space

Which condition is associated with increased capillary hydrostatic pressure?

• Heart failure

• Hypoalbuminemia

• Lymphedema

• Cirrhosis

What causes decreased plasma oncotic pressure?

• Increased capillary permeability

• Hypoalbuminemia

• High albumin levels

• Lymphatic obstruction

Which type of edema affects the entire body?

• Cerebral edema

• Localized edema

• Generalized edema

• Pulmonary edema

What is a common cause of pulmonary edema?

• Left-sided heart failure

• Deep vein thrombosis

• Liver cirrhosis

• Nephrotic syndrome

Which diagnostic test is used to assess heart function?

• Chest X-ray

• Echocardiography

• Liver function tests

• Urinalysis

What is the mainstay treatment for edema due to heart failure?

• Albumin infusion

• Diuretics

• Anticoagulation

• Compression therapy

Which diuretic is effective for severe edema?

• Loop diuretics

• Vasodilators

• Thiazide diuretics

• Aldosterone antagonists

What symptom is associated with cerebral edema?

• Dyspnea

• Frothy sputum

• Headache

• Pitting edema

What dietary change can help reduce fluid retention in edema?

• Increased fat intake

• Increased protein intake

• Sodium restriction

• High carbohydrate diet