Investigation 4 Matter Vocabulary

kinetic energy

• Energy associated with moving objects.

• Energy stored in stationary objects.

• Energy that can be converted into heat.

• Energy related to the position of an object.

Gas

• A state of matter with a definite shape and volume.

• A state of matter that has no definite shape or volume.

• A state of matter that is always solid at room temperature.

• A state of matter that can only exist in a vacuum.

thermal energy

• A form of potential energy stored in chemical bonds.

• A form of kinetic energy associated with molecules in motion.

• A type of energy that cannot be transferred.

• A measure of the average speed of particles in a substance.

Heat

• A transfer of thermal energy due to the temperature difference between two objects.

• A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance.

• The energy required to change a substance from solid to liquid.

• The energy released when a substance cools down.

boiling point

• The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas.

• The temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid.

• The temperature at which a gas condenses into a liquid.

• The temperature at which a liquid freezes into a solid.

System

• A collection of unrelated items

• A group of objects that function together as one unit; also, the set of related objects under study or consideration.

• An isolated entity with no interactions

• A random assortment of components

phases (states) of matter

• Solids, liquids, and gasses

• Solids, liquids, and vapors

• Solids, liquids, and plasma

• Solids, gases, and aerosols

Boiling

• The process by which a liquid turns into a gas at its boiling point.

• The process of freezing a liquid into a solid.

• The process of evaporating a liquid at any temperature.

• The process of mixing a liquid with a solid.

evaporation (evaporate)

• To change from a solid to a liquid at high temperatures.

• To change from a liquid to a gas at or below the boiling point.

• To change from a gas to a liquid when cooled.

• To change from a liquid to a solid when frozen.

freezing point

• The temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid.

• The temperature at which a solid turns into a gas.

• The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas.

• The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.