Unit 2 Test Review (Succession and Biodiversity)

A form of ecological succession that occurs after a volcano creates an area of bare rock.

• pioneer species

• primary succession

• climax community

• secondary succession

A form of ecological succession that occurs after a disturbance, such as a forest fire, that leaves the soil intact.

• pioneer species

• primary succession

• climax community

• secondary succession

Organisms that are able to break down rock and create soil, such as lichen and moss

• pioneer species

• primary succession

• secondary succession

• climax community

A steady state for an ecosystem that is the final stage of succession

• pioneer species

• primary succession

• climax community

• secondary succession

Pioneer plant species could be described as those that

• sprout from seeds after a forest fire

• form large forest trees that shade understory plants

• are slow to mature, and require a soil with well-balanced nutrients

• are small in size, and have highly effective means of dispersing their seeds

Primary succession begins after a

• tornado

• hurricane

• lava flow

• forest fire

Weeds growing in a recently burned patch of forest represent the first stage in

• primary succession

• secondary succession

• secondary colonization

• biological magnification

When a large volcano erupts, all life in the surrounding area is destroyed. The lava flows and forms new rock in the surrounding area. After several years, organisms, such as lichens and moss begin to recolonize the area. This recolonizing of an area that was totally destroyed is an example of

• climax succession

• pioneer succession

• primary succession

• secondary succession

In an area where no living organisms are present, the lichen and moss represent​ ​ (a)   species ​ and their role in the ecosystem is that of (b)   .

• soil formers
• Consumers

• pioneer
• introductory species
• climax community
• decomposers

Primary succession differs from secondary succession in all areas BUT

• in secondary succession there is soil, in primary succession there is not.

• secondary succession relies heavily on the transport of seeds into the area, primary does not

• the pioneer species in secondary succession are annual plants, while in primary they are moss and lichens

• secondary succession begins with existence of some life forms in place, primary begins devoid of life.