LAH 3.2 C/E of Latin America Revolutions MSA

Which of the following best describes how Enlightenment ideas influenced Latin American revolutions? (3.2)

• They encouraged loyalty to European rulers.

• They promoted individual rights and democracy.

• They emphasized the importance of maintaining colonial economies.

• They led to increased taxation by European powers.

Why did the Napoleonic Wars create an opportunity for Latin American independence movements? (3.2)

• They increased European military presence in the colonies.

• They weakened Spain and Portugal’s control over their colonies.

• They resulted in economic prosperity for Latin America.

• They caused European rulers to abolish the caste system.

What was a key economic reason Creoles supported independence movements? (3.2)

• They wanted to end foreign trade.

• They sought to eliminate taxes on indigenous people.

• They resented trade restrictions imposed by European rulers.

• They supported continued economic dependence on Spain and Portugal.

How did the social class system in Latin America contribute to the revolutions? (3.2)

• Creoles were denied political power despite their wealth and education.

• Peninsulares supported independence to gain more influence.

• Mestizos and indigenous people had equal rights under colonial rule.

• Enslaved Africans were granted land ownership before independence.

What was a major political consequence of Latin American independence? (3.2)

• The immediate establishment of stable democracies.

• The rise of military leaders known as caudillos.

• The expansion of European colonial rule.

• The direct involvement of the United States in Latin American governments.

HOW did Haiti's revolution differ from other Latin American revolutions? (3.2)

• It was primaily led by Creoles

• It was the only successful revolution led by enslaved people

• It resulted in a continued monarchy under French rule

• It was the last colony to gain independence in Latin America

Compare and contrast the role of Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín in Latin American independence movements. Which of the following statements are TRUE? (3.2)

• Bolívar supported monarchy, while San Martín promoted democracy.

• San Martín led military campaigns, whereas Bolívar only wrote revolutionary texts.

• Neither leader played a significant role in the revolutions.

•  Both led independence movements, but Bolívar focused on northern South America while San Martín focused on the south.

Analyze why newly independent Latin American nations struggled economically after gaining independence. Which of the following statements are TRUE? (3.2)

• They relied heavily on industrialization, leading to economic failure.

• They continued exporting raw materials, maintaining economic dependence on foreign markets.

• They refused to trade with Europe and the United States.

• They immediately redistributed land and wealth, causing instability.

How did foreign influence shape the economies of newly independent Latin American nations? (3.2)

• European nations cut off all trade with Latin America.

• The U.S. and Britain increased economic involvement, maintaining economic dependency.

• Foreign influence ended completely, leading to economic self-sufficiency.

• Latin America stopped exporting goods, leading to rapid industrialization.

What long-term social effects did the Latin American revolutions have on indigenous and Afro-Latin American populations? (3.2)

• They gained complete equality in all new nations.

• Many continued to face discrimination and economic inequality.

• They were granted more political power than Creoles.

• They took control of the economies in most independent nations.