The Science of Learning and Memory

Which of the following focuses on the initial learning of information?

• Storage

• Retrieval

• Encoding

• Chunking

What is the term for "spacing" or returning to information several times over a longer period of time?

• Shallow processing

• Chunking

• Distributed Practice

• Massed Practice

Which type of processing focuses on meaningless bits of information?

• Deep processing

• Shallow processing

• Dual coding

• Visualization

Which concept suggests that the way information is encoded affects how well it is remembered?

• Dual coding

• Levels of processing effect

• Mnemonics

• Chaining

Which of the following is the term for creating mental structures that make it easier to retrieve what you have learned?

• Visualization

• Mnemonics

• Chunking

• Encoding

What is the ability to access information when needed called?

• Encoding

• Storage

• Retrieval

• Chunking

What is the term for linking abstract concepts to concrete representations?

• Dual coding

• Concrete examples

• Elaboration

• Chaining

What is the term for combining verbal materials with visual materials?

• Dual coding

• Mnemonics

• Chaining

• Chunking

Which of the following is NOT a method of improving memory retention?

• Shallow processing

• Chunking

• Mnemonics

• Dual coding

Which of the following describes how the ideas you are studying apply to your own life experiences or memories?

• Visualization

• Personal connection

• Mnemonics

• Dual coding