Philosophical Movements and Historical Transformations

Which philosophical movement most significantly challenged traditional authority by emphasizing individual reasoning and natural rights?

• Renaissance

• Enlightenment

• Reformation

• Industrialization

The Age of Exploration was primarily motivated by:

• Scientific curiosity

• Religious conversion

• Economic expansion and territorial acquisition

• Humanitarian interests

How did the printing press fundamentally transform European society?

• It exclusively benefited wealthy merchants

• It democratized knowledge and accelerated information spread

• It was used primarily for government communications

• It had minimal societal impact

Enlightenment philosophers like John Locke and Voltaire primarily advocated for:

• Absolute monarchy

• Religious uniformity

• Individual rights and personal freedoms

• Complete social hierarchy preservation

The Renaissance can best be characterized as a period that:

• Rejected classical learning

• Emphasized human potential and individual achievement

• Promoted strict religious conformity

• Discouraged artistic expression

Which movement fundamentally challenged the Catholic Church's theological monopoly?

• Renaissance

• Reformation

• Exploration

• Industrialization

The Industrial Revolution's most profound societal change was:

• Improved worker conditions

• Rapid urbanization and economic transformation

• Maintaining traditional agricultural practices

• Strengthening feudal systems

Christopher Columbus and Vasco da Gama represent:

• Religious missionaries

• Military conquistadors

• Pioneering global explorers expanding trade networks

• Academic researchers

The concept of "natural rights" emerged primarily from:

• Medieval scholasticism

• Enlightenment philosophical discourse

• Religious doctrine

• Military conquest principles

Martin Luther's 95 Theses represented a challenge to:

• Scientific methodology

• Royal governance

• Catholic Church practices

• Trade regulations