In a eukaryotic cell, DNA is located within the ______.

• Cytoplasm

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Cell membrane

What is the process of reading a mRNA nucleotide code and converting it into a sequence of amino acids called?

• Transcription

• Translation

• Replication

• Translocation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

During transcription, if the DNA contains a G (guanine), the mRNA transcript will receive a ____.

• A) A (adenine)

• B) C (cytosine)

• C) U (uracil)

• D) G (guanine)

What is the role of peptidyl transferase in protein synthesis?

• It breaks down proteins

• It forms peptide bonds between amino acids

• It transports mRNA

• It synthesizes DNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Fill in the blank: The mRNA codon UUU codes for the amino acid ______.

• A) Tyrosine

• B) Phenylalanine

• C) Serine

• D) Glycine

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

• To synthesize DNA

• To assemble proteins

• To break down proteins

• To transport mRNA.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Fill in the blank: The process of adding phosphate groups to a protein is known as ______.

• Cleavage

• Phosphorylation

• Glycosylation

• Translation

What is the role of Taq polymerase in PCR?

• It breaks down DNA strands

• It assembles new DNA strands

• It synthesizes proteins

• It degrades enzymes.

Peptide synthesizers are used to create small peptide chains. These peptides are typically how many amino acids long?

• 1 to 5

• 2 to 25

• 10 to 50

• 20 to 100

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Label the parts of the process of translation:

e

f

g

h

d

c

b

a

anti-codon

peptide bond

polypeptide chain

codon

amino acid

mRNA

tRNA

rRNA