Quiz about Chemistry: Precision & Design - Chapters 7-8

Question 1

Aiden is playing his guitar and notices that the louder he plays, the more the strings vibrate. What can the amplitude of the wave produced by the guitar strings be considered a measure of?

Accepted Answer

strength

Answer

speed

Answer

frequency

Answer

wavelength

Question 2

Nora is observing the colors of a rainbow. She notices that as the colors shift from red to violet, the wavelength of the light decreases. How must the frequency of the light change as the wavelength decreases?

Accepted Answer

increase

Answer

decrease

Answer

remain the same

Answer

fluctuate

Question 3

Elijah is conducting an experiment in his physics class to understand the nature of light. What does light consist of?

Accepted Answer

both a and b

Answer

a. electromagnetic waves

Answer

b. photons

Answer

neither a nor b

Question 4

Rohan is learning about atoms in his chemistry class. His teacher asks, "What is the maximum number of valence electrons an atom may have?"

Accepted Answer

8

Answer

2

Answer

4

Answer

10

Question 5

Olivia is tuning her radio to listen to her favorite station. She notices that the radio display shows the frequency of the station. What unit is this frequency usually measured in?

Accepted Answer

hertz

Answer

pascals

Answer

meters

Answer

newtons

Question 6

James is conducting an experiment in his chemistry class. He needs to identify which category of elements usually forms 2+ ions. Which of the following categories should he consider?

Accepted Answer

alkaline earth metals

Answer

halogens

Answer

alkali metals

Answer

chalcogens

Question 7

What does the magnetic quantum number describe?

Accepted Answer

orbital orientation

Answer

electronic shell

Answer

orbital shape

Answer

electron spin

Question 8

What does the principal quantum number describe?

Accepted Answer

electronic shell

Answer

orbital shape

Answer

orbital orientation

Answer

electron spin

Question 9

Luna is observing the colors of a rainbow. She notices that as the colors shift from red to violet, the wavelength of the light waves decreases. As a result, the frequency of the light waves must ______.

Accepted Answer

increase

Answer

decrease

Answer

remain the same

Answer

fluctuate

Question 10

Samuel is conducting an experiment to understand what light consists of. He learns that light consists of ______.

Accepted Answer

both a and b

Answer

a. electromagnetic waves

Answer

b. photons

Answer

neither a nor b

Question 11

Imagine Kai is organizing a party and wants to distribute candies. The maximum number of candies he can give to each friend is equal to the maximum number of valence electrons an atom may have. How many candies can he give to each friend?

Accepted Answer

8

Answer

2

Answer

4

Answer

10

Question 12

Elijah is tuning his guitar and needs to measure the wave frequency of the sound produced by the strings. Wave frequency is usually measured in ______.

Accepted Answer

hertz

Answer

pascals

Answer

meters

Answer

newtons

Question 13

In a science class, Samuel observes the lines in the hydrogen spectrum, which represent photons emitted as electrons drop from higher to lower ______ levels.

Accepted Answer

energy

Answer

frequency

Answer

wavelength

Answer

amplitude

Question 14

In a classroom experiment, Mia is studying the magnetic quantum number to understand the ______ of an electron.

Accepted Answer

orientation

Answer

shell

Answer

shape

Answer

spin

Question 15

Harper is organizing her chemistry notes and wants to classify elements in columns 1, 2, and 13-18 of the periodic table. She knows these are all classified as ___ elements.

Accepted Answer

main-group

Answer

transition

Answer

lanthanides

Answer

actinides

Question 16

Abigail is conducting an experiment in her chemistry class. She wants to choose an element that is from a group that rarely undergoes chemical reactions. Which element should she choose?

Accepted Answer

argon

Answer

bromine

Answer

tin

Answer

aluminum

Question 17

Benjamin is conducting an experiment in his science class. He has four containers, each filled with a different gas: nitrogen, oxygen, chlorine, and krypton. Which of the following categories includes all the gases in Benjamin's containers?

Accepted Answer

nonmetals

Answer

halogens

Answer

noble gases

Answer

semimetals

Question 18

Imagine you are in a chemistry lab with Mason, Olivia, and Hannah. You have a task to identify which of the following ions would require the least energy to form. Which one would it be?

Accepted Answer

Na+

Answer

Mg+

Answer

P-

Answer

Cl-

Question 19

Noah is doing a science experiment and needs to choose a halogen for his project. Which of the following should he choose?

Accepted Answer

iodine

Answer

xenon

Answer

oxygen

Answer

None are halogens.

Question 20

Henry is organizing his mineral collection and wants to categorize vanadium, platinum, and gold. Which of the following categories should he use?

Accepted Answer

transition metals

Answer

alkali metals

Answer

inner transition metals

Answer

alkaline earth metals

Question 21

Evelyn, Emma, and Daniel are comparing elements in their chemistry class. They want to know, which of the following elements would you expect to have the greatest electronegativity?

Accepted Answer

F

Answer

Li

Answer

B

Answer

Ba

Question 22

Luna is conducting an experiment to see which elements are attracted by a magnet. She learns that an element will be attracted by a magnet if atoms of the element contain unpaired electrons. Oxygen atoms have four electrons in their 2p subshells and are weakly attracted by magnets. Which principle does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Hund's rule

Answer

Aufbau principle

Answer

Periodic law

Answer

Pauli exclusion principle

Answer

Law of octaves

Question 23

Ethan and Mason are organizing a bookshelf. Each shelf can hold no more than two books: one with a red cover and one with a blue cover. Which principle does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Pauli exclusion principle

Answer

Aufbau principle

Answer

Periodic law

Answer

Law of octaves

Answer

Hund's rule

Question 24

During a science class, Zoe asked her teacher, "What are individual 'packets' or quanta of light energy called?"

Accepted Answer

photons

Answer

lumions

Answer

phosphons

Answer

fermions

Question 25

What do the lines in the hydrogen spectrum represent?

Accepted Answer

photons emitted as electrons drop from higher to lower energy levels

Answer

photons emitted as electrons gradually spiral closer to the nucleus

Answer

photons emitted as electrons collide with the nucleus

Answer

all of the above

Question 26

During a science class, Zoe was asked about the lowest energy state of an atom. What is it called?

Accepted Answer

ground state

Answer

excited state

Answer

ionization state

Answer

metastable state

Question 27

Nora is conducting an experiment in her chemistry class to determine the formula of the bromide of beryllium. What is the probable formula she should expect?

Accepted Answer

BeBr2

Answer

BeBr

Answer

BeBr3

Answer

BeBr4

Question 28

Emma is organizing her chemistry notes and wants to categorize elements. She asks, "Which of the following is not an alkali metal?"

Accepted Answer

calcium

Answer

lithium

Answer

cesium

Answer

All are alkali metals.

Question 29

David is conducting an experiment where he reacts chlorine gas with potassium to form potassium chloride, which consists of K⁺ and Cl^- ions. Which of the following properties of chlorine is most important in this reaction?

Accepted Answer

electron affinity

Answer

atomic radius

Answer

first ionization energy

Answer

electronegativity

Question 30

William is working on a science project about elements. He needs to find out how many valence electrons boron has. Can you help him?

Accepted Answer

3

Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

4

Question 31

In a chemistry class, Sophia is trying to understand why knowing electron configurations is important. Which of the following statements best explains this concept?

Accepted Answer

The electron configuration determines an atom's chemical behavior.

Answer

The electron configuration is related to an element's location on the periodic table.

Answer

The electron configuration of an ion differs from that of a neutral atom.

Answer

The electron configuration identifies which electron shells are completely filled.

Question 32

During a school science project, Anika and Rohan are tasked with studying the elemental composition of distant stars. They decide to observe the spectrum of a star and compare it to the spectra of elements on Earth. What laboratory instrument would they use for such an investigation?

Accepted Answer

spectrometer

Answer

colorimeter

Answer

mass spectrometer

Answer

laser

Question 33

Grace, Kai, and Benjamin are comparing different elements for their science project. They want to know which of the following atoms would you expect to be the smallest?

Accepted Answer

S

Answer

Sr

Answer

Ge

Answer

Al

Question 34

Anika is working on a chemistry project and needs to determine the number of valence electrons in tin for her experiment. How many valence electrons does tin have?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

2

Answer

6

Answer

8

Question 35

During a chemistry experiment, Charlotte added lithium to water. Which of the following compounds is a product of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

LiOH

Answer

LiH

Answer

Li2O

Answer

Li2OH2

Question 36

Arjun is conducting an experiment in his chemistry class to determine the probable formula of the fluoride of nitrogen. What is the probable formula?

Accepted Answer

NF3

Answer

NF

Answer

NF2

Answer

NF4

Question 37

Which of the following statements best explains why the 4s orbital fills before the 3d orbital?

Accepted Answer

Electron repulsion causes energy overlap between the electron shells.

Answer

The orbitals fill in order of increasing n+1.

Answer

The electrons' attraction for the nucleus pulls the 4s orbital inward.

Answer

Orbitals' letters were chosen so the orbitals fill in reverse alphabetical order.

Question 38

Match each situation or statement with the principle, rule, theory or law that best applies.

Oxygen and sulfur both form binary compounds with hydrogen: water (H₂O) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S). They also form the compounds methanol (CH₃OH) and methanethiol (CH₃SH).

Accepted Answer

periodic law

Answer

aufbau principle

Answer

Hund's rule

Answer

law of octaves

Answer

Pauli exclusion principle

Question 39

Match each situation or statement with the principle, rule, theory or law that best applies.

A chemist is predicting the electron configuration of the element flerovium by distributing electrons into orbitals until all electrons are used. He determines that the 6p subshell must be completely filled before any electrons are place in the higher-energy 7s subshell.

Accepted Answer

aufbau principle

Answer

theory of relativity

Answer

uncertainty principle

Answer

Pauli exclusion principle

Question 40

Match each situation or statement with the principle, rule, theory or law that best applies.

A scientist is measuring the momentum of electrons produced in a cathode-ray tube; however, she notices that the more accurately she determines the momentum of electrons the less sure she can be of their position.

Accepted Answer

uncertainty principle

Answer

law of octaves

Answer

Pauli exclusion principle

Answer

aufbau principle

Chemistry: Precision & Design - Chapters 7-8

57 questions

Aiden is playing his guitar and notices that the louder he plays, the more the strings vibrate. What can the amplitude of the wave produced by the guitar strings be considered a measure of?

Nora is observing the colors of a rainbow. She notices that as the colors shift from red to violet, the wavelength of the light decreases. How must the frequency of the light change as the wavelength decreases?

Elijah is conducting an experiment in his physics class to understand the nature of light. What does light consist of?

Rohan is learning about atoms in his chemistry class. His teacher asks, "What is the maximum number of valence electrons an atom may have?"

Olivia is tuning her radio to listen to her favorite station. She notices that the radio display shows the frequency of the station. What unit is this frequency usually measured in?

James is conducting an experiment in his chemistry class. He needs to identify which category of elements usually forms 2+ ions. Which of the following categories should he consider?

What does the magnetic quantum number describe?

What does the principal quantum number describe?

Luna is observing the colors of a rainbow. She notices that as the colors shift from red to violet, the wavelength of the light waves decreases. As a result, the frequency of the light waves must ______.

Samuel is conducting an experiment to understand what light consists of. He learns that light consists of ______.

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