Learning Objectives

Name the test used to determine disparities between arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximeter (SpO2) and the patient’s clinical condition.

• A. Allen's Test

• B. Modified Allen's Test

• C. Co-oximetry

• D. Spirometry

Discuss the normal components of a capnogram.

• Phase I: Inspiratory baseline, Phase II: Expiratory upstroke, Phase III: Alveolar plateau, Phase IV: Inspiratory downstroke

• Phase I: Inspiratory downstroke, Phase II: Expiratory plateau, Phase III: Alveolar upstroke, Phase IV: Inspiratory baseline

• Phase I: Expiratory baseline, Phase II: Inspiratory upstroke, Phase III: Alveolar plateau, Phase IV: Expiratory downstroke

• Phase I: Inspiratory plateau, Phase II: Expiratory upstroke, Phase III: Alveolar downstroke, Phase IV: Inspiratory baseline

Describe how changes in Raw and respiratory system compliance will affect the results of measurements of the work of breathing.

• Changes in Raw and compliance do not affect the work of breathing.

• Increased Raw and decreased compliance increase the work of breathing.

• Decreased Raw and increased compliance increase the work of breathing.

• Changes in Raw and compliance only affect oxygen consumption.

Indirect calorimetry is a method used to measure what?

• Body temperature

• Heart rate

• Energy expenditure

• Blood pressure

What effect can skin pigmentation have on pulse oximetry readings?

• Can have higher SpO2 readings in patients with dark skin pigmentation

• No effect on SpO2 readings

• Can have lower SpO2 readings in patients with dark skin pigmentation

• Can cause erratic SpO2 readings

How does the body respond when more oxygen is required?

• Decreasing heart rate

• Increasing heart rate

• Decreasing blood pressure

• Increasing blood pressure