Neural Transmission and Muscle Movement

What neurotransmitter is released by motor neurons into the synaptic cleft during neural transmission for muscle movement?

• Dopamine

• Acetylcholine (ACh)

• Serotonin

• Norepinephrine

Which type of muscle contracts to bend a joint?

• Extensor muscle

• Flexor muscle

• Antagonistic muscle

• Cardiac muscle

What happens when ACh binds to receptors on the muscle fiber?

• Muscle relaxes

• Excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) occur

• Calcium is released into the synaptic cleft

• Muscle fiber detaches

What is the role of alpha motor neurons?

• They control cardiac muscles

• They directly control skeletal muscles

• They release hormones into the bloodstream

• They transmit sensory information to the brain

Through which part of the spinal cord do the axons of alpha motor neurons exit?

• Dorsal root

• Ventral root

• Lateral horn

• Central canal

What occurs if the excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) are strong enough?

• Muscle fiber detaches

• An action potential is generated

• Muscle relaxes

• Synaptic cleft widens

What increases in the muscle as the action potential spreads?

• Sodium (Na+) permeability

• Potassium (K+) permeability

• Calcium (Ca2+) permeability

• Chloride (Cl-) permeability

What is the function of extensor muscles?

• To bend a joint

• To straighten a joint

• To rotate a joint

• To stabilize a joint

What forms when alpha motor neurons synapse with individual muscle fibers?

• A synaptic cleft

• A motor unit

• A neuromuscular junction

• A muscle spindle

Which muscle is an example of a flexor muscle?

• Triceps

• Quadriceps

• Biceps

• Deltoid