PMA Review - Civil War

What is the primary reason for the differences shown in this chart?

• failure of an industrial economy in the North

• fewer educational opportunities in the North

• development of a plantation economy in the South

• growth of railroads in the South

Answer explanation

The primary reason for the differences in the chart is the development of a plantation economy in the South, which relied heavily on agriculture and slave labor, contrasting with the industrial economy in the North.

According to President Lincoln, what would be the purpose of fighting a civil war?

• to prevent the spread of the institution of slavery

• to punish the Southern aggressors

• to preserve the United States as one nation

• to make the institution of slavery illegal in the United States

Answer explanation

According to President Lincoln, the primary purpose of fighting the Civil War was to preserve the United States as one nation, emphasizing the importance of national unity over other issues like slavery.

The paired entrance of Florida into the Union as a slave state and Iowa as a free state was required under what document?

• Missouri Compromise

• Compromise of 1850

• Adams-Onis Treaty

• Fillmore Agreement

Answer explanation

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 allowed Florida to enter as a slave state and Iowa as a free state, maintaining the balance between free and slave states in the Union.

Which of the following issues most directly relates to the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

• The right of northerners to own slaves

• The sale of federal lands to slave owners

• The expansion of slavery into new territories

• The return of slaves who had escaped from the South

Answer explanation

The Kansas-Nebraska Act directly addressed the expansion of slavery into new territories by allowing settlers in those areas to decide on the legality of slavery, leading to significant conflict and debate.

In the 1850s, the phrase “Bleeding Kansas” was used to describe clashes between

• proslavery and antislavery groups

• Spanish landowners and new American settlers

• Chinese and Irish railroad workers

• Native American Indians and white settlers

Answer explanation

In the 1850s, "Bleeding Kansas" referred to violent confrontations between proslavery and antislavery groups as they fought over whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free or slave state.

Which of the following statements is true concerning the map?

• The Union thought that by blockading the southern ports they could easily win the war.

• The Union wanted to shut the south off from all possible help in an attempt to squeeze the Confederacy into submission.

• The snake's head begins in the Union's capital and tail ends in the Confederate capital to mark the journey the soldiers would face during the war.

• The Union knew that the Confederacy had the industrial advantage so they were attempting to cut off any exportation of goods.

Answer explanation

The correct statement highlights the Union's strategy to isolate the Confederacy by cutting off supplies and support, aiming to weaken them and force a surrender.

Which of the following is an effect of the Emancipation Proclamation?

• The institution of slavery was abolished in the Constitution.

• Black men were able to be drafted into the military.

• The Civil War formally became a conflict regarding the morality of the institution of slavery.

• Equal protection was granted to all citizens, regardless of race, ethnicity, or country of origin.

Answer explanation

The Emancipation Proclamation allowed Black men to serve in the military, marking a significant shift in the Civil War's dynamics and recognizing their contributions to the fight for freedom.

Which inference is most clearly supported by the information in this table?

• Slavery decreased throughout the South with the end of the African slave trade.

• The enslaved population began to decline after 1840.

• The transcontinental railroad spread slavery outside the South.

• Slavery would likely have continued to grow had there not been a civil war.

Answer explanation

The data suggests that without the Civil War, the demand for slavery would have persisted, indicating that slavery would likely have continued to grow. The other options do not align as clearly with the information provided.

Which of the following was a direct consequence of the Civil War?

• The disintegration of the Whig Party

• The addition of new states to the Union

• The use of popular sovereignty to decide the issue of slavery

• The extension of voting rights to African American men

Answer explanation

The extension of voting rights to African American men was a direct consequence of the Civil War, particularly through the 15th Amendment, which aimed to ensure that race would not be a barrier to voting.

Which of the following is a difference between the Presidential and Radical Republican plans for Reconstruction?

• The President’s plan was not significantly different.

• The President’s plan was less lenient on Southern states.

• The President’s plan was more lenient on Southern states.

• The President’s plan was more beneficial for African Americans.

Answer explanation

The President’s plan was more lenient on Southern states, allowing them to rejoin the Union with fewer restrictions compared to the Radical Republicans, who sought stricter measures to ensure civil rights for African Americans.