Molecular and Cellular Radiobiology Quiz

Which model applies to biologic targets such as enzymes and viruses?

• Multi-Target, Single-Hit Model

• Multi-Target, Multi-Hit Model

• Single-Target, Multi-Hit Model

• Single-Target, Single-Hit Model

What does D37 represent in cell survival kinetics?

• The dose that kills 100% of cells

• The dose that kills 63% of cells

• The threshold dose

• The mean lethal dose

In the presence of oxygen, what effect does low-LET radiation have?

• Decreases the probability of hits

• Maximizes the effect

• Increases cell resistance

• Has no effect

What is the primary effect of high-LET radiation in the absence of oxygen?

• Low probability of hit

• High probability of hit by direct effect

• No effect on cells

• Increased cell survival

What does the term 'target theory' refer to in cellular biology?

• The concept of identifying specific genes in a cell

• The idea that cells have specific targets for radiation damage

• The method of measuring cell growth rates

• The process of cell division and replication

Which phase of the cell cycle is the most sensitive to radiation?

• G1 Phase

• Late S-Phase

• Mitosis (M)

• S Phase

What is the relationship between D0 and radiosensitivity?

• Large D0 indicates radiosensitive cells

• Small D0 indicates radioresistant cells

• Large D0 indicates radioresistant cells

• D0 has no relation to radiosensitivity

What does the oxygen enhancement ratio measure?

• The mean lethal dose

• The threshold dose for cell recovery

• The magnitude of the oxygen effect

• The effect of radiation on anoxic cells

What role does DNA play in radiation biology?

• It is the primary target for radiation damage

• It has no role in radiation effects

• It only affects RNA synthesis

• It is less important than proteins

How does the presence of oxygen influence the effectiveness of high-LET radiation?

• It enhances the effectiveness

• It has no influence

• It decreases the effectiveness

• It only affects low-LET radiation