Quiz about Earth Science Assessment Extra Credit

Question 1

Which events are most common along tectonic plate boundaries?

Accepted Answer

earthquakes and volcanoes

Answer

erosion and earthquakes

Answer

hurricanes and tsunamis

Answer

tidal waves and volcanoes

Question 2

Where are the tectonic plates located?

Accepted Answer

lithosphere

Answer

outer core

Answer

mesosphere

Answer

asthenosphere

Question 3

Seafloor spreading and continental drift are believed to be caused by

Accepted Answer

convection currents in the mantle

Answer

tides

Answer

changes in Earth's magnetic field

Answer

shrinkage of the crust as the Earth cools

Question 4

Identical rock types, identical fossils, and very similar mountain ranges are found on different continents that are separated by a wide ocean. Which of these best explains these observations?

Accepted Answer

C. These continents were joined together at one time in the past.

Answer

A. Organisms traveled between these continents on land bridges.

Answer

B. The same forces erode mountains in different locations.

Answer

D. Some rock types are very common and are found everywhere.

Question 5

What theory explains how the plates of the Earth are continually moving?

Accepted Answer

The Plate Tectonic Theory

Answer

Theory of Quantum Physics

Answer

The Theory of Evolution

Answer

The Big Bang Theory

Question 6

What is molten rock under the ground?

Accepted Answer

magma

Answer

lava

Answer

transform

Answer

sand

Question 7

What is molten rock when it breaks the surface of the lithosphere?

Accepted Answer

lava

Answer

magma

Answer

transform

Answer

sand

Question 8

Which type of rock is most likely to form by Process Z?

Accepted Answer

C) sedimentary

Answer

A) magmatic rock

Answer

B) metamorphic

Answer

D) igneous

Question 9

Which type of rock is most likely to form by Process Y?

Accepted Answer

D) igneous

Answer

A) magmatic rock

Answer

B) metamorphic

Answer

C) sedimentary

Question 10

Which type of rock is most likely to form by Process X?

Accepted Answer

B) metamorphic

Answer

A) magmatic rock

Answer

C) sedimentary

Answer

D) igneous

Question 11

What is name for the super-continent?

Accepted Answer

Pangaea

Answer

North America

Answer

Africa

Answer

The Ring of Fire

Question 12

A rock can be transformed into any other type of rock by going through the rock cycle.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 13

Which two of the following best describes how geologists have reached the conclusion that Earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old?

Accepted Answer

by analyzing different layers of rocks

Accepted Answer

by comparing where different fossils have been found

Answer

by studying various languages

Answer

by interpreting carvings in caves

Answer

by looking at ancient archaeological sites

Question 14

In the illustration, letter E is an example of a

Accepted Answer

fault

Answer

canyon

Answer

alabaster

Answer

extrusion

Question 15

In the illustration, letter D is an example of a

Accepted Answer

extrusion

Answer

fault

Answer

canyon

Answer

alabaster

Question 16

Why is petroleum considered a nonrenewable resource?

Accepted Answer

It requires a very long period of time to form.

Answer

It constantly forms within Earth.

Answer

It is difficult to obtain and transport.

Question 17

Classify the following image as evidence of Erosion or Deposition:

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 18

Classify the following image of a small landslide as evidence of Erosion or Deposition:

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 19

Identify the process shown in the image.

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 20

Classify the following image of the delta as evidence of Erosion or Deposition: [Image 3]

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Erosion

Question 21

The diagram shows a cross section of layers of sedimentary rocks. The types of fossils in each layer are shown. Based on the information in the cross section, select the three statements that are most likely correct.

Accepted Answer

Layer C is below Layer B, so Layer C is older.

Accepted Answer

Layer A is at the top, so it is the youngest layer.

Accepted Answer

The ammonite fossil is above the crinoid fossil, so the crinoid is older.

Answer

There is no coral fossil in Layer D, so corals must have become extinct.

Answer

The gastropod fossils are above the crinoid fossil, so gastropods evolved from crinoids.

Question 22

Which of the following best describes why some identical animal fossils have been discovered on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean?

Accepted Answer

The continents were one once large land mass.

Answer

Some animals could cross the ocean.

Answer

Strong winds and storms blew them there.

Answer

Nomadic people from different continents took them there.

Question 23

Which of the following best describes how ice could have once covered warm places such as Australia and India?

Accepted Answer

They were once closer to the South Pole.

Answer

Their climates changed over time.

Answer

Their elevations used to be higher.

Answer

They were once all connected to each other.

Question 24

What is a solid, natural substance made of one or more minerals and can be identified into three major groups: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic?

Accepted Answer

Rock

Answer

Diamond

Answer

Mineral

Answer

Clay

Question 25

For rock layer E (from Figure 1), evidence shows

Accepted Answer

support that the land was covered by water

Answer

supports that the land was exposed to air

Answer

not enough evidence to support either claim

Question 26

For rock layer B (from Figure 1), evidence shows

Accepted Answer

supports that the land was exposed to air

Answer

support that the land was covered by water

Answer

not enough evidence to support either claim

Question 27

For rock layer C (from Figure 1), evidence shows

Accepted Answer

not enough evidence to support either claim

Answer

support that the land was covered by water

Answer

supports that the land was exposed to air

Question 28

Determine whether the statement is true or false based on the diagram below: The gastropod is the youngest fossil of them all.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 29

Determine whether the statement is true or false based on the diagram below: The trilobite is the oldest fossil of them all.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 30

Determine whether the statement is true or false based on the diagram below: The ammonite is younger than the gastropod.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 31

What is the primary reason for the movement of tectonic plates?

Accepted Answer

Convection currents in the mantle

Answer

Gravitational pull from the moon

Answer

Wind and ocean currents

Answer

Magnetic forces from the Earth's core

Question 32

Which of the following processes is responsible for the formation of sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

Compaction and cementation

Answer

Heat and pressure

Answer

Evaporation and crystallization

Answer

Melting and cooling

Question 33

Which of the following best explains why earthquakes are common along tectonic plate boundaries?

Accepted Answer

Plates move and interact, causing stress release

Answer

Plates are stationary and accumulate stress

Answer

Plates are made of soft materials that easily deform

Answer

Plates are constantly eroded by ocean currents

Question 34

Which of the following is a direct result of tectonic plate movement?

Accepted Answer

Formation of mountains

Answer

Change in weather patterns

Answer

Increase in ocean salinity

Answer

Growth of forests

Question 35

Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

Accepted Answer

Igneous

Answer

Fossiliferous

Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Sedimentary

Question 36

What is the process by which sediment is removed from its source and transported to a new location?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Cementation

Answer

Compaction

Answer

Deposition

Question 37

What is the primary cause of earthquakes?

Accepted Answer

Movement of tectonic plates

Answer

Human activities

Answer

Volcanic eruptions

Answer

Weather changes

Question 38

Which of the following processes is responsible for the formation of metamorphic rocks?

Accepted Answer

Heat and pressure

Answer

Evaporation and crystallization

Answer

Melting and cooling

Answer

Compaction and cementation

Question 39

How does absolute age differ from relative age?

Accepted Answer

only absolute dating finds the age in years

Answer

only absolute dating indicates which rock is older than another

Answer

only relative dating finds the age in years

Question 40

The Earth is estimated to be how old?

Accepted Answer

4.6 Billion years old

Answer

4.6 Million years old

Answer

6,000 years old

Answer

Who knows

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