Smalley, letter from Birmingham Jail

According to the author, what is the relationship between injustice and justice?

• Injustice in one place does not affect justice elsewhere

• Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere

• Justice can only be achieved through violent means

• Justice is independent of injustice

What is the primary reason the author is in Birmingham?

• To visit family

• To engage in nonviolent direct action

• To attend a conference

• To negotiate with city officials

What are the four basic steps in a nonviolent campaign mentioned by the author?

• Planning, execution, reflection, and celebration

• Collection of facts, negotiation, self-purification, and direct action

• Protest, negotiation, agreement, and implementation

• Education, demonstration, negotiation, and resolution

What does the author mean by "constructive, nonviolent tension"?

• A type of tension that leads to violence

• A tension that is necessary for growth and change

• A tension that should be avoided at all costs

• A tension that is only theoretical

How does the author justify the timing of the direct action campaign?

• By stating that waiting longer would have been more strategic

• By arguing that justice delayed is justice denied

• By suggesting that the new administration needed more time

• By claiming that the timing was irrelevant

What does the author suggest is the purpose of direct action?

• To create chaos and disorder

• To force a community to confront issues it has ignored

• To replace negotiation entirely

• To demonstrate power and control

What does the author imply about the promises made by Birmingham's merchants?

• They were fulfilled promptly

• They were broken, leading to disappointment

• They were irrelevant to the cause

• They were never made

What historical fact does the author mention about privileged groups?

• They give up their privileges once they realize they have them

• They seldom give up their privileges without pressure

• They are always willing to negotiate

• They are usually supportive of change

What does the author mean by "justice too long delayed is justice denied"?

• Justice can wait indefinitely

• Delaying justice is equivalent to denying it

• Justice is not important

• Justice is always timely

What does the author believe about the interconnectedness of communities?

• Communities are isolated and independent

• All communities are interrelated and affect each other

• Only neighboring communities are connected

• Communities should remain separate