anest locale

Local anesthetics work by blocking (a)   channels, preventing cell membrane depolarization.

Which of the following local anesthetics has the longest duration of action?

• Lidocaine

• Bupivacaine

• Procaine

• Benzocaine

What is the order of nerve fiber sensitivity to local anesthetics?

• Aδ > C > Aα

• C > Aδ > Aα

• Aα > C > Aδ

• Aδ > Aα > C

What effect do vasoconstrictors have when added to local anesthetics?

• Reduce the duration of the anesthetic effect

• Increase systemic absorption and toxicity

• Delay absorption and increase safety

• Reduce the intensity of the anesthetic effect

Adding (a)   to lidocaine increases the duration and intensity of the anesthetic effect by reducing systemic absorption.

What is the major risk of administering bupivacaine?

• Methemoglobinemia

• Severe hypotension

• Severe cardiac toxicity

• Severe allergic reactions

Which regional anesthesia technique involves injecting the anesthetic near a nerve plexus or nerve trunk?

• Surface anesthesia

• Peripheral nerve block

• Intra-articular anesthesia

• Epidural anesthesia

What effect does hyaluronidase have when added to local anesthetics?

• Increases tissue penetration

• Reduces tissue penetration

• Slows down the onset of analgesic activity

Which of the following local anesthetics is an ester?

• Mepivacaine

• Ropivacaine

• Lidocaine

• Procaine

Local anesthetics are less effective in (a)   tissues due to the low pH, which affects absorption.