Biology 10-Day EOC Review: Day 5 Biological Evolution & Classifi

The fact that the genetic code, the "translation table" according to which DNA information is translated into proteins, is identical for nearly all organisms, including humans and bacteria, DIRECTLY supports the idea that:

• a wide variety of organisms have existed over time

• organisms are distributed over various geographic locations

• there is a strong molecular similarity among all organisms

• autotrophic organisms are much more common than organisms that are heterotrophic

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Which of the following is a supporting fact that humans and chimpanzees have a common ancestor?

• I and III only

• I and II only

• II and III only

• I, II, and III

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The hierarchical chart below gives evidence to what principle of evolution?

• Species that live in the same geographic region are more likely to be closely related.

• Anatomical structures between different species serve similar purposes.

• Embryonic similarities indicate how some species develop in common ways.

• The genetic code for all codfish is identical.

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Below are a single Megalodon tooth (left) and two Great White teeth (right). Megalodon became extinct about 1.5 million years ago.

Based on the teeth samples below, which of the following would be a reasonable conclusion?

• Because of the difference in size of their teeth, it is unlikely that Megalodon and the Great White shark were related.

• Megalodon and the Great White likely evolved from a common ancestor.

• Megalodon was about the same size and shape as the Great White shark.

• Megalodon and the Great White had very different sources of food.

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The diagram below gives evidence to what principle of evolution?

• Species that live in the same geographic region are more likely to be closely related.

• Embryonic similarities indicate how some species develop in common ways.

• Humans are anatomically more advanced than other species.

• Bones structures are homologous among many different species.

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Two organisms are closely related on an evolutionary tree. They should:

• share the same predators and prey

• have similar embryonic development

• have no anatomical differences

• have undergone the same genetic mutations

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The diagram above can be used as a model for:

• cell division through mitosis

• resemblances in embryonic development

• DNA similarities between organisms

• natural selection

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What can be inferred about the population in Period A?

• There are three main variations within the species.

• The species live in different geographic locations.

• All of the organisms have the same DNA coding.

• All the above

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What is the best explanation for why there are no organisms represented by the white circles after the 'natural event'?

• They migrated to another location in search of new food sources.

• They did not have the right adaptations to survive the natural event.

• They underwent genetic mutations and began to resemble the gray and black individuals.

• The white organisms were preyed on by the gray and black organisms.

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Which of the following are possible scenarios for this model? I. A new predator migrates into an ecosystem and preys on lizards that are unable to camouflage. II. A virus kills a number of organisms that do not have a specific genetic resistance. III. A forest fire reduces the population of cedar trees in a particular region.

• I and II only

• I and III only

• II and III only

• I, II and III

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