IB(DP) ESS Topic 8.2

Access to adequate freshwater is...

• adequate worldwide

• unevenly distributed through the world

• available to all marine organisms

• evenly distributed through the world

Demand for freshwater is increasing, which if these factors IS NOT causing this increase?

• industrialisation

• fishing technology advancement

• human population increase

• irrigation of agriculture

Agriculture uses a large amount of water, but which crop uses the most water to produce 1 kg of food?

• wheat

• rice

• beef

• chicken

How much of all the water on Earth can be used by humans?

• 78%

• 12%

• 7%

• 1%

Water security is...

• the safe water being available to some of the population

• the capacity of a population to safeguard sustainable access to adequate quantities of safe water for life

• having water supplies available without conflict

• the capacity of a population to supply themselves with adequate water economically and politically to be able to develop

Which of these social effects would NOT be directly improved if water scarcity was reduced in poor communities?

• education of females

• death rates

• birth rates

• disease

Irrigated farming accounts for how much freshwater use globally?

• 90%

• 70%

• 50%

• 30%

What is this a diagram of?

• Artesian screw

• Urban runoff

• Permeable reservoir

• An Aquifer

When would a groundwater aquifer become unsustainable?

• When more water is extracted than is replenished

• When the zone of replenishment is higher than the extraction point

• When more water is replenished than is extracted

• When the groundwater becomes lower than the well head

Enhancing water supplies by building a large dam to store precipitation supplies would be:

• enhancing by redistribution

• enhancing by desalinisation

• enhancing by reservoirs

• enhancing by artificial recharge of aquifers

• enhancing by rainwater harvesting