Progressive Era

Amendment that created a graduated income tax

The situation shown in this 1950 photograph is a direct result of the

• Great Migration
• application of grandfather clauses
• passage of Jim Crow laws
• Montgomery bus boycot

During the late 1800s, the use of child labor in United States factories was most opposed by

• parents
• labor unions
• factory owners 
• nativists 

The term muckraker was used in the early 1900s to describe writers who

• supported limits on government regulation
• wanted the United States to ban all immigration
• exposed abuses in American society
• promoted racial integration efforts

This time period focused on social and political reforms in the United States in the early 1900s:

• Civil War Era

• Industrialization Era

• Progressive Era

• Reconstruction Era

Federalism, separation of powers, and checks and balances are constitutional principles that directly

• empower more voters
• restrict individual liberties
• involve citizens in the governing process
• reduce the concentration of governmental Power

A common goal of Lincoln Steffens, Frank Norris, and Ida Tarbell was to

• encourage government officials to decrease the regulation of business
• publicize the achievements of the captains of industry
• create a demand for new political parties to replace the two major parties
• increase public awareness of social, political, and economic problems

The system of sharecropping developed in the South after the Civil War because

• most formerly enslaved persons had no farming skills
• owners of large tracts of land faced labor shortages
• much farmland was ruined by the war

Amendment that allowed the direct election of senators

Where were most of the immigrants who came to America through Ellis Island from?

• China

• Africa

• Europe

• Mexico