Language Acquisition

What type of interaction is likely to provide the most authentic language input?

• Written Input from textbooks

• Learner-Learner Interaction

• Learner-Teacher Interaction

• Learner-Native Speaker Interaction

Why is fossilization more common in L2 acquisition than in L1 acquisition?

• L2 learners are more likely to receive native-like input

• L2 learners often acquire a language implicitly.

• L2 learners lack constant exposure and correction.

• Fossilization does not occur in language learning.

What is the main criticism of Chomsky’s Nativist Theory?

• It ignores the role of cognitive development in language acquisition.

• It overemphasizes the importance of imitation and reinforcement in language development.

• It overemphasizes the role of social interaction in language learning.

• It does not fully explain how children learn words and phrases through daily social interaction.

What is the primary idea behind Chomsky's Universal Grammar (UG)?

• All languages have a similar grammatical structure inherent in human cognition

• Children must be explicitly taught grammar to acquire it.

• Every language must be learned in a specific sequence of steps.

• Language acquisition occurs solely through imitation and reinforcement.

What differentiates Chomsky’s and Vygotsky’s theories?

• Chomsky believes language is learned solely through social interaction.

• Chomsky emphasizes innate mechanisms, Vygotsky focuses on social interaction.

• Chomsky believes in Universal Grammar, Vygotsky does not.

• Vygotsky claims language is innate, Chomsky disagrees

What is essential for language development in Vygotsky's theory?

• Independent reading.

• Social interaction within the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD).

• Learning from mistakes alone.

• Reinforcement to correct errors.

What is "scaffolding" in the Interactionist approach?

• Providing grammar rules.

• Encouraging independent practice.

• Focusing on cognitive development only.

• Offering guidance in social interactions slightly above current ability.

Which of the following is the correct chronological order of these language acquisition approaches: Krashen's Input Hypothesis, Long's Interaction Hypothesis, and Swain's Output Hypothesis?

• 1985 → 1982 → 1983

• 1982 → 1985 → 1983

• 1982 → 1983 → 1985

• 1983 → 1985 → 1982

What is the primary role of output in language acquisition, as suggested by Swain's Output Hypothesis?

• Output allows learners to memorize vocabulary more efficiently.

• Output has no significant role in the acquisition process

• Output is only useful in writing, not speaking.

• Output helps learners notice gaps in their knowledge and self-correct errors.

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