Industrial activity is often assumed to be a threat to wildlife, but that isn’t always so. Consider the silver‑studded blue butterfly ( Plebejus argus ) : as forest growth has reduced grasslands in northern Germany, many of these butterflies have left meadow habitats and are now thriving in active limestone quarries. In a survey of multiple active quarries and patches of maintained grassland, an ecologist found silver‑studded blue butterflies in 100% of the quarries but only 57% of the grassland patches. Moreover, butterfly populations in the quarries were four times larger than those in the meadows. . Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?

It introduces discussion of a specific example that supports the general claim made in the previous sentence.

It challenges a common assumption about the species under investigation in the research referred to in the text.

It suggests that a certain species should be included in additional studies like the one mentioned later in the text.

It provides a definition for an unfamiliar term that is central to the main argument in the text.

Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the researchers’ perspective in Text 1 on the behavior of the magpies without trackers?

That behavior might be adequately explained without suggesting that the magpies were attempting to assist the other magpie.

That behavior might have been due to the novelty of the magpies’ captive setting rather than to the novelty of the tracker.

That behavior likely indicates that the magpies were deliberately attempting to benefit themselves by obtaining the tracker.

That behavior may not be evidence of selflessness in Gymnorhina tibicen because not all the captured magpies demonstrated it.

Philadelphia’s Black Pearl Chamber Orchestra, founded by Jeri Lynne Johnson, performs classical music, from well-known compositions by Beethoven to contemporary works by Jessie Montgomery. For the orchestra’s iConduct! program, Johnson invites community members to learn some basic elements of conducting and then experience conducting the Black Pearl orchestra themselves. . Which choice best states the main idea of the text about Philadelphia’s Black Pearl Chamber Orchestra?

The Black Pearl orchestra gives community members the chance to both listen to and participate in classical music performance.

The Black Pearl orchestra performs music from all over the world but mostly performs music composed by Philadelphians.

Johnson founded the Black Pearl orchestra to perform classical music by contemporary artist Jessie Montgomery.

Johnson has community members conduct an orchestra to demonstrate how difficult the task is.

The recovery of a 1,000-year-old Chinese shipwreck in the Java Sea near present-day Indonesia has yielded a treasure trove of artifacts, including thousands of small ceramic bowls. Using a portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer tool, Lisa Niziolek and her team were able to detect the chemical composition of these bowls without damaging them. By comparing the chemical signatures of the bowls with those of the materials still at old Chinese kiln sites, Niziolek and her team can pinpoint which Chinese kilns likely produced the ceramic bowls. . Which choice best states the main idea of the text about the Chinese shipwreck?

With the help of a special tool, researchers have determined the likely origin of bowls recovered from a shipwreck.

Because of a new technology, researchers can locate and recover more shipwrecks than they could in the past.

Researchers have been able to identify the location of a number of Chinese kilns in operation 1,000 years ago.

Before the invention of portable X-ray fluorescence, researchers needed to take a small piece out of an artifact to analyze its components.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text adapted from Guy de Maupassant’s story?

The narrator and his companions are completely absorbed in the change in perspective they gain while riding in the balloon.

The narrator feels a growing sense of isolation even though his companions are nearby during the balloon ride.

The narrator and his companions are troubled by the disorienting effects of the altitude while riding in the balloon.

The narrator is pleasantly surprised by his companions’ unrestrained enthusiasm about the sensation of riding in the balloon.

Icebergs generally appear to be mostly white or blue, depending on how the ice reflects sunlight. Ice with air bubbles trapped in it looks white because much of the light reflects off the bubbles. Ice without air bubbles usually looks blue because the light travels deep into the ice and only a little of it is reflected. However, some icebergs in the sea around Antarctica appear to be green. One team of scientists hypothesized that this phenomenon is the result of yellow-tinted dissolved organic carbon in Antarctic waters mixing with blue ice to produce the color green. . Which finding, if true, would most directly weaken the team’s hypothesis?

Blue icebergs and green icebergs contain similarly small traces of dissolved organic carbon.

White ice doesn’t change color when mixed with dissolved organic carbon due to the air bubbles in the ice.

Dissolved organic carbon has a stronger yellow color in Antarctic waters than it does in other places.

Blue icebergs and green icebergs are rarely found near each other.

To create the poems in her 2017 collection One Last Word , poet Nikki Grimes used a writing method called the golden shovel. This method often involves choosing a line from an existing poem and then using each word from that line as the last word of each line in a new poem. Grimes wanted the poems in One Last Word to honor important Black poets of the past, so she chose lines by poets such as Langston Hughes and Georgia Douglas Johnson. Writing in this way can be challenging and might seem as though it would produce awkward poems. However, reviewers praised One Last Word as a beautiful and powerful tribute to the poets who inspired it. This reaction suggests that ______. . Which choice most logically completes the text?

Grimes successfully used the golden shovel method to achieve her goal for One Last Word.

most reviewers didn’t understand Grimes’s goal for One Last Word.

Langston Hughes and Georgia Douglas Johnson are two of Grimes’s favorite poets.

Grimes inspired many other writers to create poems using the golden shovel method.

The Indus River valley civilization flourished in South Asia from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE. Many examples of the civilization’s writing system exist, but researchers haven’t yet deciphered it or identified which ancient language it represents. Nevertheless, archaeologists have found historical artifacts, such as clay figures and jewelry, that provide information about the civilization’s customs and how its communities were organized. The archaeologists’ findings therefore suggest that _______ . Which choice most logically completes the text about the Indus River valley civilization?

Knowing an ancient civilization’s language isn’t necessary in order to learn details about the civilization.

Investigating an ancient civilization is easier without knowledge of the civilization’s language.

Archaeological research should focus on finding additional artifacts rather than deciphering ancient languages.

Examining the civilization’s historical artifacts has resolved the debate about this civilization’s language.

Ana Castillo’s 1986 novel The Mixquiahuala Letters is a story told entirely through expressive letters from the narrator to her friend—letters that Castillo suggests could be read in several different orders. As they began reading it in class, some students remarked that they found the novel’s letter format daunting and its treatment of gender relations old-fashioned. The professor, however, pointed out that the novel is written in modern-sounding language and addresses issues that still matter today, suggesting that The Mixquiahuala Letters _______ . Which choice most logically completes the text?

Is more relevant to contemporary audiences than it may seem at first.

Has more to say about gender relations than other novels from the same period.

Is easier to read than many contemporary novels that focus on friendship.

Is best understood after multiple readings in different orders.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

the timing of the initial formation of the middle ring played an important role in determining the eventual size of Earth.

the middle ring formed earlier in the solar system’s development than the initial simulations suggested.

if the formation of the outermost ring had occurred earlier in a simulation, all the planets would have become super-Earths.

the innermost ring actually formed into all the planets in our solar system, not just the four closest to the Sun.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

marketplaces would not have enabled Maya people to acquire many products different from those they already produced.

marketplaces likely would not have attracted many traders from outside the regions controlled by the Maya.

farming practices would have been largely the same throughout Maya lands even if the crops people produced varied significantly.

farmers would trade agricultural products only if they had already produced enough to meet their own needs.

A pioneer in the field of taphonomy (the study of how organic remains become fossils), _______ may be just as prevalent in the fossil record as those of thick-shelled organisms. . Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

Anna Behrensmeyer demonstrated in a 2005 analysis that fossils of thin-shelled organisms

fossils of thin-shelled organisms, Anna Behrensmeyer demonstrated in a 2005 analysis,

it was demonstrated in a 2005 analysis by Anna Behrensmeyer that fossils of thin-shelled organisms

a 2005 analysis—by Anna Behrensmeyer—demonstrated that fossils of thin-shelled organisms

The student wants to emphasize how harsh the conditions can be in the tundra. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Winters in the tundra are especially harsh, with temperatures averaging a frigid –30 degrees Fahrenheit.

Animals that have adapted to harsh winter conditions can survive tundra winters.

There are around 1,700 different kinds of plants that can live in the tundra, where average temperatures can reach a mild 54 degrees Fahrenheit.

Along with animals that have adapted to the tundra’s conditions, around 1,700 different kinds of plants can live in the tundra.

The student wants to contrast Minnesota’s definition of a lake with Wisconsin’s. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Minnesota’s definition of a lake—an inland body of water of at least 10 acres—is more restrictive than Wisconsin’s, which doesn’t take size into account.

Wisconsin, which doesn’t take size into account in defining a lake, claims that it has over 15,000 lakes.

Because its definition of a lake is different from Minnesota’s, it is unclear how many lakes Wisconsin really has.

According to Minnesota’s definition of a lake—an inland body of water of at least 10 acres—Wisconsin has about 6,000 lakes.

The student wants to make and support a generalization about the effect of redesigning a city flag. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Redesigning a poorly designed city flag can create a meaningful symbol of civic pride, as was the case when Pocatello redesigned its original flag to better represent its geography and civic priorities.

Over one hundred US cities have redesigned their flags, including Pocatello, whose flag had been named the most poorly designed flag in North America.

Pocatello is just one of over one hundred US cities that have redesigned their flags.

After it was named the most poorly designed flag in North America, the flag of Pocatello was redesigned to better represent the city’s geography and civic priorities.

The student wants to describe the distinctive style of Houser’s sculptures. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Houser’s sculptures employ abstract, modernist forms to depict Native American figures.

A sculptor, illustrator, and painter, Houser developed a distinctive style for portraying Native American figures.

Many other artists have been influenced by the style of Houser’s sculptures.

The sculpture Sacred Rain Arrow is a well-known example of Houser’s style.

The student wants to specify why historians believe Abele designed most of Duke’s campus buildings. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

Given that most of the buildings on Duke’s campus feature architectural styles that Abele had studied in Europe, historians believe Abele is the one who designed them.

Though Abele wasn’t formally credited at the time, historians believe he designed most of the buildings on Duke’s campus.

Most of Duke’s campus buildings, which were designed by a firm Abele worked for, were designed in the Gregorian and neo-Gothic architectural styles.

Abele, an architect who studied Gregorian and neo-Gothic architecture in Europe, is believed to have designed most of the buildings on Duke’s campus.

PSAT 8/9_Module 2

Authored by Thomas Smith

English

9th Grade

CCSS covered

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33 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The following text is from Nella Larsen’s 1928 novel Quicksand.
The trees in their spring beauty sent through her restive mind a sharp thrill of pleasure. Seductive, charming, and beckoning as cities were, they had not this easy unhuman loveliness.
.
As used in the text, what does the word “beckoning” most nearly mean?

Demanding

Signaling

Inviting

Shifting

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RL.8.4

CCSS.RL.9-10.4

CCSS.RL.7.4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Physicist Joseph Weber performed _______ work in gravitational wave research in the 1960s and 1970s, conducting key experiments that scientists later used as the basis for their own investigations that led to the first verified detection of a gravitational wave in 2015.
.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

foundational

supplementary

repetitive

ineffective

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RL.8.4

CCSS.RL.9-10.4

CCSS.RI.7.4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Sueño de Familia is an exhibition of drawings, paintings, and ceramics that explores the artistic heritage of US-based artist Yolanda González. The exhibition ______ five generations, featuring works by González’s great-grandfather, grandmother, mother, and niece as well as González herself.
.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

borrows

spans

judges

neglects

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RL.8.4

CCSS.RL.9-10.4

CCSS.RI.11-12.4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The following text is from Claude McKay’s 1922 poem “Morning Joy.” The speaker is looking out a window and observing a wold, or large area of land.
At night the wide and level stretch of wold,
Which at high noon had basked in quiet gold,
Far as the eye could see was ghostly white;
Dark was the night save for the snow’s weird light.
I drew the shades far down, crept into bed;
Hearing the cold wind moaning overhead T
hrough the sad pines, my soul, catching its pain,
Went sorrowing with it across the plain.
.
As used in the text, what does the word “drew” most nearly mean?

Pulled

Drained

Inspired

Sketched

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RL.8.4

CCSS.RL.9-10.4

CCSS.RI.11-12.4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Some people have speculated that two helmets with attached horns discovered in Denmark in 1942 belonged to Vikings, but scholars have long been skeptical. Archaeologist Helle Vandkilde and colleagues recently provided radiocarbon dates for the helmets, and their findings ______ scholars’ skepticism: the helmets date to the Nordic Bronze Age, centuries before the Vikings existed.
.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

anticipate

inspect

reveal

justify

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RL.8.4

CCSS.RL.9-10.4

CCSS.RI.7.4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

45 sec • 2 pts

Streams and rivers carry soil and rocks from one location to another. But there is another way for these geological materials to move. Scientists call this process “aeolian transport.” In aeolian transport, winds move small particles of soil or rock over potentially great distances. Geologist Melisa Diaz and her team studied dust in Antarctica to find out if it was moved by aeolian transport. They discovered that the dust matched geological material in Australia. Aeolian transport had carried it from one continent to another, across thousands of miles of open ocean.
.
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?

It presents Melisa Diaz’s remarks about difficulties that her team encountered.

It introduces a scientific term that is used in the discussion that follows.

It emphasizes the surprising nature of the findings that are presented.

It explains the difference between two kinds of geological material.

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.2

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

CCSS.RI. 9-10.2

CCSS.RL.8.2

CCSS.RL.11-12.2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

45 sec • 2 pts

San Francisco is known for the colorful murals painted on many of its buildings. The densest collection of murals is found on Balmy Alley in the Mission District neighborhood. In the 1970s, Latina artists painted vivid scenes of community life on walls along this block. As the original murals have faded, later generations of artists have painted new ones over them. As a result, Balmy Alley has become a living showcase of San Francisco’s artistic spirit, with its murals reflecting changes in the cultural life of the city.
.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

To compare the Balmy Alley murals to other murals in San Francisco

To offer an overview of the history and importance of the Balmy Alley murals

To urge people to protect the murals of San Francisco from decay

To describe the rise of mural painting in San Francisco beginning in the 1970s

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.2

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

CCSS.RI. 9-10.2

CCSS.RL.8.2

CCSS.RI.11-12.2

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