Federalist 10 and Federalist 51

What does Madison define as a faction in Federalist No. 10?

•  A small group with limited influence

  
  

• Any majority or minority united by a common interest adverse to the rights of others

• A group that supports the government’s policies

• Citizens who follow the laws of the republic

 According to Federalist No. 10, what is the primary cause of factions?

•  Government policies

  
  

• Unequal distribution of property and differences in opinion

• Corruption in leadership

• Lack of a strong military

Why does Madison reject eliminating the causes of factions?

•  It would require limiting free speech

  
  

• It would destroy liberty, which is essential to political life

• It would be too difficult to implement

• It would favor a particular political party

How does Madison suggest controlling the effects of factions in a republic?

•  By enforcing strict laws against factions

  
  

• Through direct democracy and regular assemblies

• By creating a large republic with diverse interests

• By allowing the majority to suppress minority views

What advantage does a large republic have over a small one in controlling factions?

• It allows factions to dominate minority groups

  
  

• It provides a variety of interests that make it harder for one faction to gain control

• It limits public participation in government

• It increases the likelihood of factions forming

 What is the main purpose of Federalist No. 51?

• To warn against the dangers of factions

  
  

• To argue for a system of checks and balances

• To advocate for a pure democracy

• To promote state sovereignty

According to Madison in Federalist No. 51, what is the greatest difficulty in framing a government?

• Ensuring equal distribution of wealth

  
  

• Allowing citizens to govern themselves

• Enabling the government to control the governed and obliging it to control itself

• Creating a powerful executive branch

What does Madison mean by “Ambition must be made to counteract ambition”?

• Rival political parties should compete for dominance

• The self-interest of each branch of government will prevent tyranny

• The executive should control the legislature

• Ambition should be discouraged in politics

How does Federalist No. 51 propose to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful?

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  By giving more power to the executive branch

  
  

• Through checks and balances among branches

• By limiting public participation in elections

• By granting veto power to the judiciary

What is the “double security” mentioned in Federalist No. 51?

• The combination of state and national police forces

  
  

• The division of power between two levels of government and the separation of powers within each level

• The establishment of a bicameral legislature

• The use of military forces to enforce laws