Educational Research Method Chapter 5 (Quiz)

What are two different scales used in survey research as discussed in the provided text?

• Ratio scale and Interval scale

• Qualitative scale and Quantitative scale

• Likert scale and Semantic differential scale

• Nominal scale and Ordinal scale

What is the purpose of developing surveys in descriptive-survey research?

• To collect perceptions of sample participants on current educational issues.

• To measure the physical environment of the research setting.

• To evaluate the inter-rater reliability of the observers in a study

• To analyze the demographic data of the participants.

What are two types of reliability that can be established for surveys using a pilot group?

• Criterion validity and Content validity

• Face validity and Construct validity

• Test-retest reliability and Internal consistency.

• Inter-rater reliability and Intra-rater reliability

What are two types of validity that can be established for surveys using a pilot group?

• Content validity and Criterion validity

• Convergent validity and Discriminant validity

• Construct validity and Face validity

• Internal consistency and Test-retest reliability

What is the purpose of using observational checklists in quantitative data collection?

• To reduce the cost of data collection in a research project

• To enhance the generalizability of the findings.

• To ensure that the data are reliable and valid.

• To increase the number of participants in a study.

What are two types of reliability that need to be established for observational checklists?

• Face validity and Construct validity

• Inter-rater reliability and Intra-rater reliability.

• Content validity and Criterion validity

• Test-retest reliability and Parallel-forms reliability

What are three threats to validity that a researcher who is using an observational checklist should consider?

• Test-retest reliability, Alternate-forms reliability, and Split-half reliability

• Internal validity, External validity, and Ecological validity

• Sampling error, Nonresponse bias, and Measurement error

• Observer bias, Contamination, and Halo effect.

What is the primary goal of observation as a tool in qualitative research?

• To evaluate the effectiveness of a specific intervention.

• To gather data that are accurate, unbiased, richly detailed and reflect the reality of the situation as participants see it.

• To compare the results of quantitative and qualitative data collection methods

• To establish the inter-rater reliability of observations.

What are Gold's (1958) four classifications of observation based on the degree of researcher participation?

• Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed methods

• Complete participant, Participant as observer, Observer as participant, and Complete observer.

• Descriptive, Exploratory, and Explanatory

• Structured, Semistructured, and Unstructured

What is the main purpose of using observational protocols in qualitative research?

• Observational protocols are generally designed to gather data that cannot be predicted in advance such as conversations, observed natural behaviors, answers to open-ended questions.

• They are standardized instruments used in quantitative studies.

• They are only used in experimental research designs to control for extraneous variables

• They are used to evaluate the reliability and validity of existing instruments.