Enlightenment Test Review

One way in which the contributions of Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton are similar is that each ___.

• A. based his work on Enlightenment principles of social contract.

• B. practiced observation and experimentation in his work.

• C. supported the work of the Inquisition.

• D. challenged the heliocentric theory of the universe.

The Declaration of Independence states, “That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends [protecting the liberties of the people], it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it.” These words describe the enlightened idea of a ____.

• return to society that has no government.

• revolutionary intent to overthrow the current government.

• government that can be replaced when it does not serve the needs of the people.

• need to ensure a representative government.

Why is it significant that Napoleon takes the crown from the Pope and does not allow it to be bestowed upon him?

• A. The Church is giving the power to rule to Napoleon.

• B. The people and the Church are granting Napoleon the right to rule.

• C. Napoleon is taking his power and not receiving the right to rule from anyone.

• D. This shows that the Crown and France are once again working together.

Which heading best completes the partial outline below? - Writings of Thomas Hobbes - Divine right theory - Centralization of political power - Reign of Louis XIV

• Growth of Democracy in Europe.

• Rise of Absolutism.

• Age of Exploration.

• Beginning of Global Trade.

Why is the Enlightenment considered a turning point in world history?

• Martin Luther broke away from the Roman Catholic Church.

• Europeans changed their thinking about the role of government.

• The Columbian Exchange occurred.

• The factory system was used to mass-produce goods.

Under Spanish rule, Latin American society was strictly divided into a class system determined by birth. Among the highest social classes were individuals born in Europe or ancestors of European immigrants. This ridged social class system contradicted the Enlightenment idea of ____.

• the importance of birth order.

• equality among men.

• governments protecting the wellbeing of a country’s economy and society.

• a two-class system.

According to this excerpt from the Tennis Court Oath, the National Assembly believed its job was to _____.

• create a constitution no matter where they must meet.

• overthrow the monarchy as soon as possible.

• write new laws to punish criminals.

• address only the financial issues that France faced.

Colonists in North America protested the taxes imposed by the British following the French and Indian War. What was the main reason the colonists were upset about these taxes?

• Colonists drank less tea than people living in Britain, so the tax was an unfair burden on them.

• Colonists had already paid all the funds to the British effort in the French and Indian War.

• Colonists believed that because they lived so far from Britain, they did not have to pay taxes on anything.

• Colonists were not represented in the British Parliament and for that reason believed the taxes were unjust.

Which period is most closely associated with the major ideas of these philosophers?

• Reconquista

• Renaissance

• Crusades

• Enlightenment

What best explains the Reign of Terror?

• A period of violence that occurred during the French Revolution marked by quick trials, mass incarcerations, and many executions.

• A period of the French Revolution where the Third Estate fought itself because of the differences in who should pay taxes.

• The Reign of Terror was the entire French Revolution.

• A period of the French Revolution where peace helped change the minds of the people.