Genetics Unit Test: Concepts 1-2

In humans, where does DNA replication take place?

• cytoplasm

• nucleus

• ribosome

• vacuole

A sequence of nucleotides found in the DNA of a chromosome codes for a specific protein or trait. This section of DNA is known as a(n)

• allele

• codon

• gene

• phenotype

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

A DNA nucleotide could contain the following molecules

• deoxyribose, cytosine, and a lipid

• deoxyribose, thymine, and a phosphate group

• ribose, uracil, and a polypeptide

• ribose, adenine, and thymine

Which of the following nucleic acids contains thymine?

• DNA only

• messenger RNA only

• transfer RNA only

• all of the above

Base your answer to this question on the diagram shown to the right AND on your knowledge of biology. Structures 3 and 4 are held together by

• weak peptide bonds

• strong hydrogen bonds

• weak hydrogen bonds

• strong peptide bonds

DNA is a polymer consisting of monomers known as

• peptides

• nucleotides

• amino acids

• phosphates

In nucleotides, the letters A, G, C, and T represent

• A. phosphate groups

• B. deoxyribose sugars

• C. nitrogen bases

• D. ribose sugars

The cellular process of creating two new DNA molecules from one original copy is called replication. Which statement is the BEST description of this process?

• A. DNA opens up and RNA copies it.

• B. DNA opens up and completely unwinds to make two new molecules.

• C. DNA opens up and each strand is used as a template for making a new strand.

• D. RNA opens up the DNA and uses each strand as a template for a new strand.

Show or explain in words the semi-conservative model of DNA replication. In your answer, make sure you include the end result and explain why it is called semi-conservative. You may include a picture to help you answer the question.

• The semi-conservative model of DNA replication results in two DNA molecules, each with one old strand and one new strand, explaining the term 'semi-conservative'.

• The semi-conservative model of DNA replication results in two DNA molecules, each with two new strands, explaining the term 'semi-conservative'.

• The semi-conservative model of DNA replication results in one DNA molecule with two old strands and one with two new strands, explaining the term 'semi-conservative'.

• The semi-conservative model of DNA replication results in two DNA molecules, each with two old strands, explaining the term 'semi-conservative'.

Compare and contrast DNA and RNA using the table found on your answer sheet. (6 pts)

• DNA is double-stranded, RNA is single-stranded

• DNA contains uracil, RNA contains thymine

• DNA is found in the cytoplasm, RNA is found in the nucleus

• DNA is a protein, RNA is a carbohydrate