Weather and climate

A city experiences heavy rainfall due to winds blowing from the sea.

What is this type of wind called?

• Offshore wind

• Onshore wind

• Land breeze

• Polar wind

A person observes that summers in Mumbai are not very hot and winters are not very cold.

What factor influences this moderate climate?

• Coastal location and proximity to the Arabian Sea
• High altitude location
• Desert climate influence
• Continental air masses

During winter, the temperature in Delhi drops significantly.

Which factor contributes to this variation?

• High humidity levels in summer.
• Proximity to the ocean and coastal winds.
• Geographical location and cold winds from the Himalayas.
• Increased urbanization and pollution.

You are standing near the coast, and a cool breeze is blowing from the sea towards the land during the day.

What is this breeze called?

• Land breeze

• Offshore wind

• Sea breeze

• Polar wind

A region near the equator experiences consistent warm temperatures year-round.

What causes this?

• Seasonal changes in weather patterns.
• High altitude and cooler temperatures.
• Ocean currents affecting climate.
• Direct overhead sunlight year-round.

In the polar regions, summers experience 24-hour daylight.

What is the cause of this phenomenon?

• Latitude

• Altitude

• Rotation of the Earth

• Proximity to the sea

A hiker notices that the temperature drops as they ascend a mountain.

What is the primary reason for this decrease in temperature?

• The decrease in temperature is primarily due to the decrease in air pressure and density at higher altitudes.
• The temperature increases due to the presence of sunlight at higher altitudes.
• The temperature remains constant regardless of altitude changes.
• The temperature drops because of increased humidity as the hiker ascends.

A region receives rainfall due to moisture-laden winds.

What causes this rainfall?

• The evaporation of water from the ground.
• The condensation of moisture in rising air due to cooling.
• The impact of solar radiation on the surface.
• The presence of high-pressure systems in the area.

During the night, a breeze blows from the land to the sea.

What is this breeze called?

• Sea breeze
• Valley breeze
• Land breeze
• Mountain breeze

A coastal city experiences moderate humidity and occasional rain.

What factor contributes to this weather pattern?

• Proximity to the ocean
• Inland location
• High altitude
• Desert climate