Nervous System Quiz

What are the three basic functions of nervous tissue?

• Sensation, movement, and digestion

• Sensing changes, interpreting changes, and reacting to changes

• Thinking, feeling, and moving

• Coordination, balance, and memory

Which of the following is NOT a component of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

• Brain

• Spinal cord

• Cranial nerves

• Cerebellum

What is the resting membrane potential of a typical neuron?

• +70 mV

• -55 mV

• -70 mV

• +30 mV

Which of the following is the correct definition of depolarization?

• The change from -70 mV to +30 mV

• The change from +30 mV back to -70 mV

• The change from -70 mV to -55 mV

• The change from -70 mV to -80 mV

What type of cells form the myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system?

• Astrocytes

• Oligodendrocytes

• Schwann cells

• Microglia

Which of the following best describes saltatory conduction?

• Continuous step-by-step depolarization along the entire axon

• Impulse jumping from node to node in myelinated axons

• The slowing of nerve impulses at synapses

• The direct electrical connection between adjacent neurons

What is the role of calcium ions (Ca²⁺) in chemical synaptic transmission?

• They diffuse across the synaptic cleft to trigger the postsynaptic potential

• They cause repolarization of the postsynaptic neuron

• They trigger the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic terminal

• They activate ligand-gated channels on the presynaptic neuron

Which neurotransmitter is correctly paired with its primary effect?

• GABA - excitatory in the brain

• Glutamate - inhibitory in the brain

• Acetylcholine - inhibitory at neuromuscular junctions

• Serotonin - regulation of mood and sleep

During the absolute refractory period of an action potential:

• Another action potential can be generated with a stronger stimulus

• No action potential can be generated regardless of stimulus strength

• The membrane is hyperpolarized below -70 mV

• K⁺ channels are closed while Na⁺ channels are open

Which glial cell type is responsible for forming the blood-brain barrier?

• Oligodendrocytes

• Microglia

• Astrocytes

• Ependymal cells