1.2 Economy and Geography of the English Colonies Quizs

Colonial economies varied by region, depending on the geographic conditions.

• Naturally deep water and a sheltered harbor encouraged colonists to settle in Boston.

• The presence of gold and silver led to rapid colonization in the West.

• Fertile land in the South was ideal for cash crops like tobacco and cotton.

• Harsh winters in the North made agriculture difficult for settlers.

The first permanent settlement was established in Virginia in 1607.

• Jamestown was the first permanent English settlement in America, established in 1607.

• Plymouth was the first permanent English settlement in America, established in 1620.

• Roanoke was the first permanent English settlement in America, established in 1585.

• Savannah was the first permanent English settlement in America, established in 1733.

Before 1763, most American colonists settled near the Atlantic Coast or rivers because navigable water offered easier access to trade and employment. What influenced the settlement patterns?

• Economic opportunities

• Geographic features

• Political stability

• Cultural diversity

Impact of Disease on Native Americans

• Diseases like the plague and smallpox caused great mortality among Native Americans, significantly reducing their populations.

• Native Americans were unaffected by diseases brought by European settlers.

• Diseases only affected the European settlers and not the Native Americans.

• The introduction of new crops by Europeans led to a decline in Native American populations.

Virginia Slave codes and property laws.

• Virginia Slave codes state that all black, mulatto, and Indian slaves are considered real property.

• Virginia Slave codes allow slaves to bear arms and move abroad freely.

• Virginia Slave codes grant all individuals the right to assault white persons without consequence.

• Virginia Slave codes require that all slaves be educated in reading and writing.

What political institutions were established in Jamestown?

• The first representative assembly in 1619, demonstrating self-government.

• A monarchy that ruled over the colony.

• A council of elders that made decisions for the settlers.

• A military dictatorship to enforce order.

Southern Colonies: Geography & Climate

• Broad plains

• Cold winters

• Desert landscapes

• Mountainous terrain

Maryland mandates lifelong servitude for all black slaves.

• The State of Maryland mandates lifelong servitude for all black slaves.

• Maryland allows temporary servitude for all black slaves.

• Maryland prohibits servitude for all black slaves.

• Maryland mandates lifelong servitude only for black women.

Chattel slavery in North America by the 1740s.

• Chattel slavery was only present in the Southern colonies.

• By the 1740s, chattel slavery existed in every North American colony, with enslaved people considered property.

• Chattel slavery was abolished in North America by the 1740s.

• Enslaved people were granted full rights as citizens by the 1740s.

Indentured servitude differed from slavery as a form of debt bondage, with agreed unpaid labor terms.

• Indentured servitude involved unpaid labor to pay off immigration costs, unlike slavery.

• Indentured servitude allowed individuals to earn wages while working off their debts.

• Indentured servitude was a permanent condition with no possibility of freedom.

• Indentured servitude provided better living conditions than slavery.