chapter 35

Which of the following parts of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?

• Axon

• Dendrites

• Axon hillock

• Synaptic terminals

What is the primary function of the axon in a neuron?

• Transmit electrical signals away from the cell body

• Receive signals from other neurons

• Store neurotransmitters for synaptic transmission

• Support the metabolic functions of the neuron

Which part of the neuron is responsible for synthesizing neurotransmitters?

• Axon

• Dendrites

• Cell body (soma)

• Myelin sheath

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What structure in the neuron speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses?

• Dendrites

• Axon

• Myelin sheath

• Synaptic cleft

The myelin sheath is produced by which of the following cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

• Oligodendrocytes

• Schwann cells

• Astrocytes

• Microglia

The resting membrane potential of a neuron is typically about -70 mV. Which ion contributes the most to this value?

• Sodium (Na⁺)

• Potassium (K⁺)

• Chloride (Cl⁻)

• Calcium (Ca²⁺)

Which mechanism helps to maintain the resting membrane potential by moving sodium (Na⁺) out of the cell and potassium (K⁺) into the cell?

• Voltage-gated sodium channels

• Sodium-potassium pump

• Passive ion channels

• Calcium pump

Which of the following occurs during depolarization of a neuron?

• Potassium ions (K⁺) move out of the neuron

• Sodium ions (Na⁺) flow into the neuron, making the inside more positive

• Chloride ions (Cl⁻) enter the neuron

• The membrane potential becomes more negative

Which of the following describes repolarization of a neuron?

• Sodium ions flow into the cell, making it more positive

• Potassium ions flow out of the cell, making the inside more negative

• The cell reaches a threshold potential

• Calcium ions are released from the synaptic vesicles

What is the definition of the threshold potential?

• The maximum membrane potential of the neuron

• The membrane potential at which an action potential is triggered

• The resting membrane potential

• The point at which neurotransmitter release occurs