Advanced Concepts in Classes & Recursion

Which of the following is true about class-based organization in object-oriented programming?

• Methods inside a class must always modify the instance variables

• A class should encapsulate both data and behavior related to that data

• Classes should never have static methods

• Classes in Python do not support inheritance

What is the main benefit of using private attributes (__attribute) in a class?

• Prevents access to attributes completely

• Enforces strict encapsulation by making attributes truly private

• Helps avoid accidental modification of internal attributes

• Allows global access to the attributes

Which of the following is an example of an immutable class design?

• A class with all attributes defined as @property with no setters

• A class that allows modifying attributes using self.attribute = value

• A class that only defines __init__ and no methods

• A class that inherits from multiple parent classes

In Python, which special method is used to provide a custom string representation of an object?

• __init__

• __str__

• __repr__

• __call__

Which principle of OOP ensures that a subclass can override methods from its superclass?

• Encapsulation

• Polymorphism

• Abstraction

• Composition

What will happen if a subclass defines an __init__ method without calling the parent class __init__?

• The parent class attributes will be automatically inherited

• The child class will not inherit any attributes from the parent class

• The interpreter will raise a TypeError

• The child class will inherit all attributes except private ones

Which Python feature allows a class to inherit from multiple parent classes?

• Composition

• Polymorphism

• Multiple Inheritance

• Abstract Classes

Which of the following correctly implements a Singleton class in Python?

• Using a class variable

• Using a metaclass

• Using multiple inheritance

• Using private variables

What happens if a class method is defined with @staticmethod instead of @classmethod?

• It cannot access cls

• It cannot be called without an instance

• It becomes an abstract method

• It allows modifying class-level attributes

Which of the following statements about method overriding is true?

• Overriding is possible only if the parent method is declared as virtual

• The overridden method in the subclass must have the same signature as in the parent class

• A subclass cannot override a method from an abstract class

• Overriding is only possible in Python 3 and later