Sampling Concepts Assessment

What is the difference between a population and a sample?

• A sample includes the entire population.

• A population is always smaller than a sample.

• A population is the entire group, and a sample is a smaller portion of that group.

• A population is a random selection from a sample.

Define descriptive statistics and provide an example.

• An example of descriptive statistics is calculating the mean of a dataset, such as the average test scores of a class.

• Finding the mode of a dataset, like the most common pet owned by families.

• Calculating the median of a dataset, such as the total number of students in a school.

• Creating a pie chart to represent the distribution of colors in a box of crayons.

What is inferential statistics and how is it used?

• Inferential statistics is used to make predictions or inferences about a population based on sample data.

• Inferential statistics is only used for analyzing qualitative data.

• Inferential statistics provides exact measurements of a population without sampling.

• Inferential statistics is primarily concerned with descriptive data analysis.

Explain the concept of a parameter in statistics.

• A parameter is a sample value that estimates a population characteristic.

• A parameter is a type of statistical test used to analyze data.

• A parameter is a graphical representation of data distributions.

• A parameter is a numerical value that summarizes a characteristic of a population in statistics.

What is a statistic in the context of a sample?

• A statistic is a numerical summary of a characteristic of a sample.

• A statistic is a type of hypothesis test.

• A statistic is a visual representation of data.

• A statistic is a random guess about a population.

List two key differences between descriptive and inferential statistics.

• Descriptive statistics involve complex models, whereas inferential statistics are straightforward calculations.

• 1. Descriptive statistics focus on summarizing data, whereas inferential statistics focus on making predictions about a population. 2. Descriptive statistics use measures like mean and median, while inferential statistics use techniques like hypothesis testing and confidence intervals.

• Descriptive statistics are used for large datasets, while inferential statistics are for small datasets.

• Descriptive statistics predict future trends, while inferential statistics summarize past data.

What is simple random sampling?

• Simple random sampling is a sampling technique where each member of a population has an equal probability of being selected.

• A method where only the largest members of a population are selected.

• A sampling method that relies on the researcher's judgment to select participants.

• A technique that ensures only certain groups are represented in the sample.

Describe stratified sampling and its advantages.

• Stratified sampling eliminates the need for random selection.

• Stratified sampling is advantageous because it increases the precision of the sample estimates, ensures representation of all subgroups, and can reduce sampling bias.

• Stratified sampling is only useful for large populations.

• Stratified sampling is less effective than simple random sampling.

What is systematic sampling and when is it used?

• Systematic sampling requires the use of complex statistical formulas to determine sample size.

• Systematic sampling is used to select samples based on personal judgment.

• Systematic sampling involves random selection of samples from a population.

• Systematic sampling is a method of selecting samples by choosing every nth element from a population, used for evenly distributed samples.

Define judgment sampling and provide a scenario where it might be appropriate.

• Collecting data from social media influencers about a trending topic.

• An appropriate scenario for judgment sampling is when a company wants to gather feedback on a new product from a select group of industry experts rather than a random sample of the general public.

• A random selection of customers from a store to evaluate a new product.

• Surveying all employees in a company about their job satisfaction.