Key Terms and Concepts

Veto

• To approve or accept something.

• To prohibit or refuse to approve.

• To suggest or recommend an action.

• To delay or postpone a decision.

Hajj

• A pilgrimage to Jerusalem that is prescribed as a religious duty for Christians.

• A pilgrimage to Mecca that is prescribed as a religious duty for Muslims.

• A festival celebrated by Muslims at the end of Ramadan.

• A prayer ritual performed five times a day by Muslims.

Martial law

• Civilian control of an area during peacetime

• Military control of an area in place of civilian authorities

• Temporary suspension of all laws in a country

• A form of government where the military rules without any civil rights

Surname

• A type of fruit

• The family name familiar to the members of a family.

• A title of nobility

• A form of greeting

Plebiscite

• A direct vote by the people on a matter of national importance.

• A type of election for local government officials.

• A referendum on international treaties.

• A survey conducted by the government to gauge public opinion.

Zionism

• A religious movement advocating for the establishment of a Jewish state in Europe.

• A nationalist movement that called for Europe’s Jews to move to their ancient homeland, namely, the belief in the right to self-determination for the Jewish people.

• A cultural movement focused on the preservation of Jewish traditions and languages.

• An economic initiative aimed at improving the financial status of Jewish communities in Europe.

Millet

• A type of grain used in various cuisines.

• A community of non-Muslim people organized according to religion in which minority groups held a limited amount of power to rule themselves.

• A traditional dance form from India.

• A historical term for a type of government.

Autocrat

• A person who rules with unlimited authority.

• A leader elected by the people.

• A ruler who shares power with others.

• A figurehead with no real power.