Biology Unit 5- Gene Expression

What is the primary role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• To carry amino acids to the ribosome

• To serve as a template for assembling proteins

• To form the structure of ribosomes

• To catalyze the formation of peptide bonds

Which cell structure is primarily responsible for the process of cell division?

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Nucleus

• Golgi apparatus

What is the basic structural unit of DNA?

• Amino acid

• Nucleotide

• Polypeptide

• Monosaccharide

Who are credited with the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA?

• Watson and Crick

• Mendel and Darwin

• Franklin and Wilkins

• Hershey and Chase

Which of the following best describes an allele?

• A type of protein

• A variant form of a gene

• A segment of RNA

• A type of cell organelle

During protein synthesis, what is the role of tRNA?

• To transcribe DNA into RNA

• To transport amino acids to the ribosome

• To form the structure of ribosomes

• To replicate DNA

Which phase of the cell cycle involves the replication of DNA?

• G1 phase

• S phase

• G2 phase

• M phase

What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?

• Ionic bond

• Covalent bond

• Hydrogen bond

• Peptide bond

Which scientist's work with X-ray diffraction was crucial in understanding the structure of DNA?

• James Watson

• Francis Crick

• Rosalind Franklin

• Gregor Mendel

How do alleles contribute to genetic diversity?

• By mutating into different genes

• By combining in various ways to express different traits

• By forming new chromosomes

• By replicating independently of DNA