What is the primary cause of early death mentioned in the document?

• Cancer

• Cardiovascular disease

• Asthma

• Allergies

What is the BMI threshold for obesity as defined in the document?

• More than 20 kg/m²

• More than 25 kg/m²

• More than 30 kg/m²

• More than 35 kg/m²

What is the most common cause of ocular motor palsies in patients with hypertension and diabetes?

• Retinal detachment

• Extraocular palsies

• Glaucoma

• Cataracts

What is the role of leptin in the body?

• It regulates blood pressure

• It controls glucose levels

• It regulates energy balance and metabolic processes

• It enhances vision

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What is the effect of high concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in diabetic retinopathy (DR)?

• They reduce oxidative stress

• They contribute to endothelial cell damage

• They improve vascular health

• They decrease inflammation

What is the effect of a 10 mmHg increase in diastolic blood pressure on diabetic retinopathy (DR)?

• It decreases the likelihood of DR progression

• It has no effect on DR

• It increases the likelihood of DR progression by 35%

• It cures DR

What is the effect of nocturnal hypoxemia in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?

• It improves optic nerve health

• It leads to higher progression of retinal nerve fibre layer loss

• It reduces blood pressure

• It enhances sleep quality

What is a key risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)?

• Low intraocular pressure

• High intraocular pressure

• Low BMI

• High protein diet

What is strongly associated with retinal vein occlusion (RVO)?

• Low BMI

• Obesity

• High protein diet

• Low blood pressure

What condition is associated with altered blood flow dynamics, promoting venous stasis?

• Cataracts

• Glaucoma

• Retinal vein occlusion (RVO)

• Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)