PBS 3.1.1-3.1.4 Review!

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What are antibodies?

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Antibodies are molecules produced by B-cells in response to infectious pathogens, which help to attack or impair these pathogens.

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What is normal flora?

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Normal flora refers to the beneficial microorganisms found in the digestive tract and on our skin that help prevent foreign invaders from attaching.

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What is the role of diagnostic testing in disease etiology?

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Diagnostic testing confirms a disease’s presence and helps identify its possible cause.

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What is droplet transmission?

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Droplet transmission is a form of disease transmission where an infected individual coughs, releasing particles that an uninfected individual inhales.

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What defines a pandemic?

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A pandemic is an outbreak of a disease that occurs on a global scale, affecting a large number of people.

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What is the difference between an epidemic and a pandemic?

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An epidemic is a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease in a specific area, while a pandemic is an epidemic that has spread across multiple countries or continents.

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What are phagocytes?

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Phagocytes are cells in the immune system that engulf and digest foreign invaders, such as bacteria and viruses.

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What is the function of vaccines?

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Vaccines stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies against specific pathogens, providing immunity without causing the disease.

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What is indirect contact transmission?

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Indirect contact transmission occurs when pathogens are transferred from an infected individual to an uninfected individual through an intermediate object or surface.

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What are secretions in the context of the immune system?

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Secretions are fluids produced by the body, such as mucus and saliva, that help trap and eliminate pathogens.