Biology and Biochemistry Quiz

Which of the following describes an enzyme?

• A catalyst for a chemical reaction.

• A compound that is changed into a product during a chemical reaction.

• The end product(s) of a chemical reaction.

• A compound that stores energy within its chemical bonds.

What molecule carries energy in a form that a cell can use?

• Vitamin C

• Glucose

• ATP

• Glycogen

Name the process by which genetic information within an mRNA strand is used to build a polypeptide chain.

• Translation

• Replication

• Transcription

• Oxidation

Where do the anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration take place?

• Ribosomes

• Cytoplasm

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

What is the term for the physical or chemical agent, such as ultraviolet radiation, that can induce DNA damage and potentially result in disease?

• Antioxidant

• Initiator

• Mutagen

• Chaperone

Lactose is a disaccharide found in milk. Individuals who are lactose intolerant lack the enzyme to break this sugar down into monosaccharides. Considering enzyme nomenclature, what enzyme is deficient in these individuals?

• Lactese

• Lactogen

• Lactose

• Lactase

What is a genome?

• All protein-encoding genes in a nucleus.

• All proteins that are encoded by genes in a nucleus.

• All single-stranded nucleic acid chains in a nucleus.

• All DNA sequences within a nucleus.

What is the complementary base pairing to the DNA nitrogenous base thymine?

• Cytosine

• Uracil

• Thymine

• Adenine

Which of the following shows the correct complementary base pairing that occurs in DNA?

• Cytosine to thymine; adenine to uracil

• Cytosine to adenine; guanine to thymine

• Cytosine to adenine; thymine to uracil

• Cytosine to guanine; adenine to thymine

A strand of DNA has the sequence TCAGGCTAT. What is the sequence of its complementary DNA strand?

• AGUCCGAUA

• TCAGGCTAT

• UCAGGCUAU

• AGTCCGATA