Matter

What is the definition of "matter"?

• A substance that only exists in the form of gas

• Everything that has mass and takes up space

• A substance that cannot be measured

• All living beings in the world

What is an example of a physical change?

• Burning wood

• Melting ice

• Food digestion

• Oxidation of iron

If a solid changes directly into gas, this process is called ________.

If heat is added to a liquid and it changes into gas, this process is called ________.

What is the main state of matter at room temperature?

• Liquid

• Solid

• Plasma

• Gas

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

• Rusting of iron

• Freezing of water

• Breaking a tin

• Boiling water

What is the term for a change that does not alter the chemical composition of a substance?

• Biological change

• Nuclear change

• Physical change

• Chemical change

A scientist is conducting an experiment where a block of ice is placed in a container and heated. Over time, the ice melts and turns into water, which eventually begins to boil and turn into steam. What is the correct order of the processes occurring in the experiment?

• Freezing → Melting → Boiling

• Melting → Boiling → Freezing

• Melting → Evaporation → Condensation

• Melting → Boiling → Evaporation

Situation:
A piece of wax is placed in a beaker and heated. As the temperature increases, the wax begins to melt and form a liquid. If the temperature continues to rise, the liquid wax begins to evaporate and turn into vapor. A few days later, the temperature in the beaker decreases, and the vapor condenses back into liquid wax, which then solidifies into a solid block once it reaches a sufficiently low temperature. Based on the sequence of changes in the experiment, what is the correct order of the processes when the wax transitions through different states of matter?

• Melting → Boiling → Freezing → Condensation

• Melting → Sublimation → Freezing → Condensation

• Melting → Evaporation → Condensation → Freezing

• Melting → Evaporation → Sublimation → Freezing

Situation:
A scientist conducts an experiment where a metal rod is heated until it changes color. As the metal reaches a very high temperature, it melts and becomes a liquid. Upon further heating, the liquid metal starts to vaporize and forms a gas. Later, the scientist cools down the vapor, and it condenses back to liquid before it solidifies again once the temperature is low enough. Which of the following best describes the sequence of phase transitions in this experiment?

• Melting → Boiling → Sublimation → Condensation → Freezing

• Melting → Evaporation → Condensation → Freezing

• Melting → Boiling → Condensation → Freezing

• Melting → Sublimation → Condensation → Freezing