12.1 Vocabulary

1. What is the primary function of mRNA in cells?

• To store genetic information
• To synthesize proteins
• To break down proteins
• To produce energy

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

2. During transcription, what molecule is responsible for creating an RNA copy of DNA?

• DNA polymerase
• Ribosome
• RNA polymerase
• Transfer RNA

3. Which cellular structure is responsible for protein synthesis?

• Nucleus
• Mitochondria
• Ribosome
• Golgi apparatus

4. What distinguishes enzymes from other proteins?

• They are made of amino acids
• They act as biological catalysts
• They are found only in animals
• They cannot be made of RNA

5. What is the primary function of DNA in organisms?

• Energy production
• B. Waste removal
• C. Carrying genetic information
• D. Protein breakdown

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

6. How does RNA differ from DNA?

• It contains uracil instead of thymine
• It has no nucleotides
• It is always double-stranded
• It contains no sugar

7. What is the main role of RNA polymerase?

• Breaking down RNA
• Copying RNA to DNA
• Copying DNA to RNA
• Protein synthesis

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

8. What are the three components of nucleotides?

• Amino acid, sugar, and base
• Nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate
• Protein, sugar, and phosphate
• Base, phosphate, and water

9. What are proteins primarily composed of?

• Nucleotides
• Glucose molecules
• Amino acid chains
• RNA sequences

10. Where are chromosomes located in a cell?

• Mitochondria
• Nucleus
• Ribosome
• Cytoplasm

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1