DNA Fingerprinting

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What is DNA Fingerprinting?

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A technique used to identify individuals based on their unique DNA profiles.

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Why do DNA fragments travel towards the positive electrode in gel electrophoresis?

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DNA is negatively charged, so it is attracted to the positive end of the unit.

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What is gel electrophoresis?

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A method used to separate DNA fragments based on their size by applying an electric current.

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What role does agarose gel play in gel electrophoresis?

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Agarose gel acts as a medium through which DNA fragments can move; smaller fragments move faster than larger ones.

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What is the significance of DNA markers in DNA fingerprinting?

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DNA markers are specific sequences in the DNA that vary among individuals and are used to compare genetic similarities.

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How can DNA fingerprinting be used in forensic science?

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It can identify suspects or victims by comparing DNA samples from crime scenes with those of known individuals.

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What is the purpose of PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) in DNA analysis?

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PCR is used to amplify small amounts of DNA, making it easier to analyze.

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What is a DNA profile?

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A DNA profile is a unique pattern of DNA characteristics that can be used to identify an individual.

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What is the role of restriction enzymes in DNA fingerprinting?

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Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences, creating fragments that can be analyzed.

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What is the difference between nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA?

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Nuclear DNA is inherited from both parents and contains the majority of genetic information, while mitochondrial DNA is inherited only from the mother and is used for maternal lineage tracing.