EOC Practice: Domain 2- New Republic to Reconstruction

As Secretary of Treasury, Alexander Hamilton created a national economic program that included all of these EXCEPT

• pass tariff laws.

• create national debt.

• create a national bank.

• pay off each state's debts.

• create a national sales tax.

Answer explanation

Hamilton's economic program included tariffs, national debt, a national bank, and paying off state debts. However, he did not propose a national sales tax, making it the correct answer.

Which president was responsible for signing the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

• A. Andrew Jackson

• B. James Buchanan

• C. Thomas Jefferson

• D. John Quincy Adams

Answer explanation

Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which authorized the forced relocation of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands. This act led to the Trail of Tears, a significant and tragic event in U.S. history.

Select the territory that was granted to the United States as a result of the Oregon Treaty.

• Florida

• Texas

• Oregon Country

• Louisiana

Answer explanation

The Oregon Treaty of 1846 resolved the Oregon boundary dispute between the U.S. and Britain, granting the U.S. control over the Oregon Country, which included present-day Oregon, Washington, and parts of Idaho and Montana.

Which statement BEST identifies a negative consequence of westward expansion in the years before the Civil War?

• Westward expansion led to an economic "boom" in the Midwest, as new cities and markets were connected by rail and canals.

• Westward expansion led to Spain's declaration of war against the United States in 1898, which was one of America's costliest wars.

• Westward expansion resulted in increased freedom and economic opportunities for African-Americans who were fleeing slavery in the South.

• Westward expansion led to loss of life and territory for Native Americans and added to the growing conflict between "free" and "slave" states before the Civil War.

Answer explanation

The correct choice highlights the negative impact of westward expansion, specifically the loss of life and land for Native Americans and the intensifying conflict over slavery, which were significant issues leading up to the Civil War.

The Freedmen's Bureau "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America… That there is hereby established in the War Department, to continue during the present war of rebellion, and for one year thereafter, a bureau of refugees, freedmen, and abandoned lands, to which shall be committed… the supervision and management of all abandoned lands, and the control of all subjects relating to refugees and freedom from rebel states, or from any district or county." After reading this passage, which statement is MOST accurate?

• This was written the year after the Revolutionary War.

• This law was designed to improve the lives of former slaves.

Answer explanation

The passage establishes the Freedmen's Bureau to assist refugees and former slaves, indicating its purpose was to improve their lives after the Civil War, making the second statement the most accurate.

According to this passage, those MOST impacted by this law

• were former Confederate officials.

• could receive clothes, shelter, and land.

• had to wait one year before receiving benefits.

• had to abandon the land on which they currently lived.

Answer explanation

The passage indicates that those most impacted by the law were those who could receive clothes, shelter, and land, highlighting the support provided to them.

The Election of 1800 marked the decline of the _____ party and the emergence of the _____ party.

• A. Loyalist; Whig

• B. Moderate; Populist

• C. Federalist; Democratic-Republican

• D. Democratic-Republican; Federalist

Answer explanation

The Election of 1800 resulted in the Federalist Party's decline as Thomas Jefferson, representing the Democratic-Republicans, won the presidency. This shift marked the rise of the Democratic-Republican Party in American politics.

The city of New Orleans was an important factor in Thomas Jefferson's desire to purchase the Louisiana Territory from France. Which of these is a primary reason for Jefferson's desire?

• New Orleans was key to accessing and controlling trade on the Mississippi River.

• Jefferson was concerned that New Orleans would fall into the hands of Great Britain.

• New Orleans was important to keeping a balance of "free" and "slave" areas in the country.

• Jefferson need to be assured that French culture would be limited and eventually eliminated here.

Answer explanation

New Orleans was crucial for trade on the Mississippi River, making it vital for economic control and access. Jefferson recognized that controlling this port would secure trade routes for the growing nation.

Which of these BEST describes the result of the Treaty of Ghent (1814)?

• The United States acquired Michigan.

• Canada became part of the British Empire.

• The United States agreed to stop stealing British slaves.

• Seized lands were returned to their respective countries.

Answer explanation

The Treaty of Ghent ended the War of 1812, resulting in the return of seized lands to their respective countries, restoring the status quo ante bellum. This means no territorial gains were made by either side.

"Our policy in regard to Europe... remains the same, which is, not to interfere in the internal concerns of any of its powers;... to cultivate friendly relations with it, and to preserve those relations by a frank, firm, and manly policy.... It is impossible that the allied powers should extend their political system to any portion of either continent without endangering our peace and happiness; nor can anyone believe that our southern brethren, if left to themselves, would adopt it of their own accord.... If we look to the comparative strength and resources of Spain and those new Governments, and their distance from each other, it must be obvious that she can never subdue them. It is still the true policy of the United States to leave the parties to themselves, in hope that other powers will pursue the same course...." President James Monroe, December 2, 1823

• Cuba

• Texas

• Mexico

• Georgia

Answer explanation

The quote discusses the U.S. policy of non-interference in European affairs and mentions the inability of Spain to subdue new governments, which refers to Mexico, as it was gaining independence from Spain around that time.