8.1 Organic Chemistry

Which of the following are organic molecules?

• Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)

• Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃)

• Carbon monoxide (CO)

• Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

• Methane (CH₄)

Which of the following areas include organic molecules?

• Fuels

• Polymers (Plastics)

• Medicine

​ (a)   formed from the remains of prehistoric marine microorganisms that, over millions of years, were transformed by heat and pressure into ​ (b)   and other organic compounds. This mixture, known as crude oil, can be separated into useful organic compounds through ​ (c)   .

​ (d)   is a compound that is used as a starting material for many other organic compounds, source from plants. It can be used to make the polymer, ​polyethene. A polymer is commonly known as a ​ (e)   .

• Crude oil
• hydrocarbons
• fractional distillation
• Ethanol
• plastic

Match the definitions with their term

• Renewable

• Chemical compounds that contain carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms, and often other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur.

• Non-Renewable Resource

• Resources that are naturally replenished or regenerated over short timescales and are sustainable for long-term use.

• Organic Chemistry

• Resources that cannot be replenished or regenerated within a human timescale. These are finite and will eventually run out.

• Hydrocarbon

• The branch of chemistry that studies organic compounds

• Organic Molecule

• A molecule made of carbon and hydrogen

Which of the examples of non-renewable resources?

• Coal

• Crude Oil

• Wind

• Biomass (fuel from plants)

Which of the examples of non-renewable resources?

• Coal

• Crude Oil

• Wind

• Biomass (fuel from plants)

Fractional distillation separates ​ (a)   by ​ (b)   crude oil to vaporize it (become a gas), then ​ (c)   the vapors in a fractionating column, where hydrocarbons condense (become liquids) at different heights based on their boiling points, with ​ (d)   molecules condensing at the top and ​ (e)   molecules condensing at the bottom.

• hydrocarbons
• heating
• cooling
• carbonates
• smaller
• larger

Match the molecular formula with the name of the alkane.

• C₅H₁₂

• Butane

• CH₄

• Pentane

• C₂H₆

• Ethane

• C₄H₁₀

• Methane

• C₃H₈

• Propane

Match the molecular formula with the name of the alkane.

• C₇H₁₆

• Hexane

• C₁₀H₂₂

• Decane

• C₈H₁₈

• Heptane

• C₉H₂₀

• Nonane

• C₆H₁₄

• Octane

Which term matches the following definition?
Definition: A hydrocarbon that is composed of molecules with only carbon-carbon bonds.

• Saturated

• Unsaturated

• Homologous Series

• Structural Isomers

• Hydrocarbon