Unit 0 Psychology

The science of behavior and mental processes

• psychology

• neurology

• sociology

• cryptology

The tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence

• hindsight bias

• confirmation bias

• overconfidence

• illusory correlation

The extent to which a test yields consistent results

• validity

• replication

• reliability

• The Scientific Method

The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it

• placebo

• confirmation bias

• overconfidence

• hindsight bias

A testable prediction, often implied by a theory

• null hypothesis

• hypothesis

• empirical evidence

• reliability

The tendency to be overestimate the accuracy of our beliefs and judgments

• overconfidence

• hindsight bias

• confirmation bias

• null hypothesis

The extent to which a test or experiment measures what it is supposed to measure or predicts what it is supposed to

• reliability

• falsifiable

• validity

• overconfidence

Bias from people's responding in ways they presume a researcher expects or wishes

• wording effect

• confirmation bias

• social desirability bias

• sampling bias

A non-experimental technique of observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate or control the situation

• experimentation

• naturalistic observation

• case study

• structured interview

A non-experimental technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles.

• peer review

• case study

• focus group

• naturalistic observation