Fractures of Lower Limbs

What are the types of femoral neck fractures?

• Undisplaced (non-displaced)

• Displaced

• Intracapsular fracture

• Stress fracture

What are the classifications for femoral neck fractures according to the Garden Classification?

• Non-displaced incomplete

• Complete fracture but nondisplaced

• Displaced complete fracture, partial displacement

• Complete fracture fully displaced

What are the common symptoms of intertrochanteric fractures?

• Severe pain in the hip

• Deformity

• Not being able to put weight on the injured side’s leg

• Bruising & swelling around the hip

What are the management options for tibia and fibula fractures?

• Refer to general management of fracture & dislocation

• Immobilization

• Closed reduction

• Internal fixation

What are the signs and symptoms of tibia and fibula fractures?

• Sharp, intense pain at the site of injury

• Swelling around the lower leg

• Visible misalignment or abnormal shape of the leg

• Difficulty or inability to stand or walk on the affected leg

What are the complications associated with neurovascular injury?

• Damage to nearby arteries or nerves.

• Increased pressure within the muscle compartments.

• More common in compound fractures.

• Fat droplets enter the bloodstream.

What is a common symptom of a patella fracture?

• Sudden & severe pain in the front of the knee.

• Localized tenderness directly over the kneecap.

• Difficulty or inability to extend the knee against gravity.

• All of the above.

What is the management for a non-displaced patella fracture?

• Surgical treatment.

• Conservative treatment with knee immobilization.

• Immediate weight-bearing.

• Physical therapy only.

What are the types of ankle fractures based on stability?

• Stable and unstable fractures.

• Simple and complex fractures.

• Open and closed fractures.

• Displaced and non-displaced fractures.

What is a common complication of calcaneal fractures?

• Arthritis in the subtalar joint.

• Chronic pain.

• Loss of motion.

• All of the above.