Nuclear Chemistry

What is nuclear fusion?

• A process of splitting atomic nuclei to release energy.

• A method of combining two atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.

• A chemical reaction that occurs in the atmosphere.

• A process of converting energy into mass.

What is a radioactive isotope?

• An isotope that is stable and does not emit radiation.

• An isotope of an element that is unstable and decays over time, emitting radiation.

• An isotope that can only be found in nature and is not man-made.

• An isotope that has the same number of neutrons as protons.

What is the significance of the term 'critical mass' in nuclear reactions?

• The maximum amount of fissile material needed to stop a nuclear chain reaction.

• The minimum amount of fissile material needed to maintain a nuclear chain reaction.

• The total amount of energy released during a nuclear reaction.

• The amount of non-fissile material required for a nuclear reaction.

What is the difference between fusion and fission?

• Fusion is the joining of atomic nuclei, while fission is the splitting of atomic nuclei.

• Fusion is the splitting of atomic nuclei, while fission is the joining of atomic nuclei.

• Fusion occurs in stars, while fission occurs in nuclear reactors.

• Fusion releases more energy than fission, but fission is more commonly used.

What is the half-life of a radioactive isotope?

• The time required for all radioactive atoms in a sample to decay.

• The time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay into a different element or isotope.

• The time it takes for a radioactive isotope to become stable.

• The time required for a sample to lose all its radioactivity.

What is the half-life of iodine-131?

• 5 days

• 8 days

• 10 days

• 12 days

What are alpha particles?

• A type of electromagnetic radiation

• A type of nuclear radiation consisting of two protons and two neutrons, essentially a helium nucleus.

• A type of beta radiation

• A type of gamma radiation

What is a chain reaction in nuclear chemistry?

• A process where a single reaction leads to a series of reactions, often seen in nuclear fission.

• A method of controlling nuclear reactions to prevent explosions.

• A type of chemical reaction that occurs in a closed system without external influence.

• A reaction that occurs only in the presence of a catalyst.

What is the purpose of a containment structure in a nuclear power plant?

• To generate electricity efficiently

• To prevent the release of radioactive materials into the environment in case of an accident

• To store nuclear waste safely

• To provide cooling for the reactor

What occurs naturally in the center of stars like the Sun?

• Nuclear fusion occurs naturally in the center of stars like the Sun.

• Chemical reactions take place in the center of stars like the Sun.

• Gravitational collapse happens in the center of stars like the Sun.

• Magnetic field generation occurs in the center of stars like the Sun.