Understanding Viral Life Cycles

Which of the following is the first stage of the lytic cycle?

• Assembly

• Attachment

• Release

• Replication

What is the main difference between the lytic and lysogenic cycles?

• The lytic cycle destroys the host cell, while the lysogenic cycle does not immediately destroy the host cell.

• The lysogenic cycle produces more viruses than the lytic cycle.

• The lytic cycle only occurs in bacteria.

• The lysogenic cycle does not involve viral DNA.

During which stage of the lytic cycle does the viral DNA take over the host cell’s machinery to make viral components?

• Attachment

• Replication

• Assembly

• Release

What happens to the host cell at the end of the lytic cycle?

• It divides rapidly.

• It becomes dormant.

• It bursts (lyses) and releases new viruses.

• It repairs itself.

Which of the following best describes the process of viral replication in the lysogenic cycle?

• The virus immediately destroys the host cell.

• The viral DNA integrates into the host genome and is copied when the cell divides.

• The virus forms a protein coat around the host DNA.

• The host cell engulfs the virus and digests it.

A scientist observes a virus that remains dormant inside a host cell for several generations before becoming active. Which viral cycle is most likely occurring?

• Lytic cycle

• Lysogenic cycle

• Both cycles at once

• Neither cycle

Compare the effects of the lytic and lysogenic cycles on the host cell. Which statement is correct?

• Both cycles immediately destroy the host cell.

• Only the lysogenic cycle destroys the host cell.

• The lytic cycle destroys the host cell quickly, while the lysogenic cycle allows the host cell to survive for a longer period.

• Neither cycle affects the host cell.

A student is studying two viruses. Virus X immediately causes the host cell to burst, while Virus Y integrates its DNA into the host genome and remains inactive for several generations. Which virus is following the lytic cycle?

• Virus X

• Virus Y

• Both Virus X and Virus Y

• Neither Virus X nor Virus Y