AMSCO Vocabulary Chapter 2

Antibodies

• Proteins produced by the immune system to neutralize or destroy toxins or disease-carrying organisms.

• Carbohydrates that provide energy to the immune cells.

• Lipids that help in the absorption of vitamins.

• Nucleic acids that carry genetic information.

Lymph Nodes

• Small structures that work as filters for harmful substances.

• Large organs that produce hormones.

• Cells that transport oxygen in the blood.

• Tissues that store fat and energy.

Stimulus

• A change in the environment that elicits a response.

• A random event that has no effect on behavior.

• A fixed response to a specific situation.

• An unchangeable condition in the environment.

Set Point

• The ideal value for a physiological parameter.

• The maximum value a physiological parameter can reach.

• The minimum value a physiological parameter can reach.

• A fluctuating value of a physiological parameter.

Vaccinations

• The process of administering a vaccine to enhance the immune response against a disease.

• A method of treating diseases using antibiotics.

• A type of surgery to remove infected tissues.

• A dietary supplement to boost health.

Regulate

• To control or maintain the rate or speed of a process.

• To increase the intensity of a reaction.

• To eliminate all variables in an experiment.

• To observe without interference.

Pollutants

• Substances that contaminate the environment.

• Natural resources that benefit ecosystems.

• Elements that enhance air quality.

• Materials that promote biodiversity.

Negative Feedback Loop

• A process that increases the output or activity of any organ or system.

• A process that maintains the output or activity of any organ or system at a constant level.

• A process that reduces the output or activity of any organ or system back to its normal range of functioning.

• A process that eliminates the output or activity of any organ or system completely.

Stomata

• Small openings on the surface of leaves that allow gases to enter and exit.

• Large pores that absorb water from the soil.

• Cells that store nutrients in the plant.

• Structures that provide support to the plant.

Pathogens

• Microorganisms that cause disease.

• Beneficial bacteria that aid digestion.

• Viruses that enhance immune response.

• Fungi that decompose organic matter.