Macromolecules

What are macromolecules?

• Small molecules that are essential for life.

• Large molecules that can have complex structures and functions, including proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.

• Simple sugars that provide energy to cells.

• Molecules that are only found in living organisms.

What is the structure of DNA?

• DNA is a single strand made up of amino acids.

• DNA is a double helix made up of nucleotides, which include a sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous base.

• DNA is a triple helix composed of proteins.

• DNA is a linear molecule made up of lipids.

What is the function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

• Carbohydrates provide energy and serve as structural components in cells.

• Carbohydrates are primarily used for storing genetic information.

• Carbohydrates are involved in the synthesis of proteins.

• Carbohydrates help in the transport of oxygen in the blood.

What is the significance of the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

• It determines the protein's structure and function, as it influences how the protein folds.

• It has no impact on the protein's activity.

• It only affects the protein's color.

• It determines the protein's size but not its function.

What are proteins?

• Macromolecules made up of amino acids that perform a variety of functions including structure, transport, and defense.

• Small molecules that provide energy to cells.

• Simple sugars that are used for energy storage.

• Fatty acids that are essential for hormone production.

How do proteins contribute to the immune system?

• Proteins provide energy to the body.

• Proteins, such as antibodies, help defend the body against pathogens.

• Proteins are responsible for muscle contraction.

• Proteins store genetic information.

What is a monomer?

• A small molecule that can join together with other small molecules to form a larger macromolecule.

• A large complex structure made of multiple atoms.

• A type of polymer that is formed by chemical reactions.

• A molecule that cannot bond with other molecules.

What is a polymer?

• A large molecule made up of repeating units (monomers) bonded together.

• A small molecule that cannot be broken down further.

• A type of chemical reaction that forms new compounds.

• A mixture of different types of molecules without any specific structure.

What are the four main types of macromolecules?

• Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids

• Vitamins, Minerals, Water, Fiber

• Sugars, Starches, Fats, Oils

• Enzymes, Hormones, Antibodies, Glycogen

What are carbohydrates?

• Macromolecules made of sugar molecules that provide energy and structural support in cells.

• Simple molecules that are primarily used for fat storage.

• Proteins that help in muscle building and repair.

• Vitamins that support immune function and overall health.