Learning Objectives

Identify the different phases of matter on a heating curve.

• Solid, liquid, and gas are the different phases of matter on a heating curve.

• Only solid and liquid are present on a heating curve.

• Plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate are the main phases on a heating curve.

• Only gas is present throughout the heating curve.

Explain what happens during phase changes.

• During phase changes, energy is absorbed or released, causing a substance to change from one state of matter to another without changing temperature.

• During phase changes, the substance always increases in temperature rapidly.

• During phase changes, the substance changes color but not state.

• During phase changes, energy is not involved in any way.

Match each scenario of heat addition with the correct temperature change behavior.

• Heat is added to a substance, but its temperature drops in every phase.

• During heat addition, temperature always decreases regardless of the phase.

• Heat is added to water from 20°C to 80°C (liquid phase only).

• During heat addition, temperature increases in single-phase regions and remains constant during phase changes.

• Heat is added to a substance, but its temperature does not change at any stage.

• During heat addition, temperature decreases in single-phase regions and increases during phase changes.

• Heat is added to a substance, and its temperature drops in single-phase regions but rises during phase changes.

• During heat addition, temperature remains constant in all regions.

Match each description to what the plateau regions on heating curves represent.

• Point where the substance is fully solidified

• Plateau regions on heating curves show the substance is cooling down quickly.

• Phase changes with constant temperature during state change

• Plateau regions on heating curves represent phase changes where temperature remains constant while the substance changes state.

• Rapid temperature increase during heating

• Plateau regions on heating curves indicate rapid temperature increase during heating.

• Substance cooling down quickly

• Plateau regions on heating curves represent the point where the substance is fully solidified.

What is the state of matter that has a fixed shape and volume?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Match each state of matter with its property.

• Has a fixed volume but takes the shape of its container

• Solid

• Has a fixed shape and fixed volume

• Gas

• Has neither fixed shape nor fixed volume

• Liquid

• Consists of ionized particles and is found in stars

• Plasma

Match each state of matter to its property regarding shape and volume.

• No fixed shape but fixed volume

• Liquid

• Ionized gas with no fixed shape or volume

• Plasma

• Fixed shape and fixed volume

• Gas

• No fixed shape or volume

• Solid

Particles have the same energy levels in each state of matter.

• True

• False

What is the process called when a solid changes directly into a gas?

• Sublimation

• Condensation

• Melting

• Evaporation

The process when a liquid changes into a gas is called (a)   .

• Vaporisation
• Condensation
• Sublimation
• Freezing