Respiratory System Anatomy and Physiology Quiz

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

• Waste elimination

• Hormone regulation

• Gas exchange

• Nutrient absorption

Which structure is part of the upper respiratory tract?

• Alveoli

• Nasal cavity

• Larynx

• Bronchi

What type of cartilage is primarily found in the external nose?

• Elastic cartilage

• Fibrocartilage

• Bone

• Hyaline cartilage

Which muscle is the major driver of inspiration?

• Sternocleidomastoid

• Abdominal muscles

• Diaphragm

• External intercostals

What is the role of the larynx?

• Voice production

• Gas exchange

• Air filtration

• Nutrient absorption

How does the diaphragm contribute to breathing?

• It relaxes to expel air

• It contracts to increase thoracic volume

• It elevates the ribs

• It constricts the trachea

What happens to alveolar pressure during normal inspiration?

• It decreases below atmospheric pressure

• It remains constant

• It increases above atmospheric pressure

• It fluctuates randomly

Which of the following factors can increase airway resistance?

• Bronchodilation

• Increased lung volume

• Relaxation of airway muscles

• Bronchoconstriction

What is the significance of the pleural pressure during respiration?

• It regulates blood pressure

• It directly influences heart rate

• It prevents airway obstruction

• It helps maintain lung inflation

Which of the following best describes the function of surfactant in the lungs?

• Enhances gas exchange

• Promotes mucus production

• Reduces surface tension

• Increases surface tension